Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.

<h4>Importance</h4>Patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSI) are classified as non-immunocompromised (n-IC) or immunocompromised (IC). However, immunosuppressive condition should not be considered univocally.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate epidemiological c...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alice Toschi, Renato Pascale, Dino Gibertoni, Riccardo Pasquali, Andrea Grechi, Irene Grassi, Marta Malosso, Ludovica Mangione, Cecilia Bonazzetti, Beatrice Tazza, Matteo Rinaldi, Armando Amicucci, Caterina Campoli, Zeno Pasquini, Simone Ambretti, Pier Giorgio Cojutti, Francesca Bonifazi, Pierluigi Viale, Maddalena Giannella
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327535
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849721224895135744
author Alice Toschi
Renato Pascale
Dino Gibertoni
Riccardo Pasquali
Andrea Grechi
Irene Grassi
Marta Malosso
Ludovica Mangione
Cecilia Bonazzetti
Beatrice Tazza
Matteo Rinaldi
Armando Amicucci
Caterina Campoli
Zeno Pasquini
Simone Ambretti
Pier Giorgio Cojutti
Francesca Bonifazi
Pierluigi Viale
Maddalena Giannella
author_facet Alice Toschi
Renato Pascale
Dino Gibertoni
Riccardo Pasquali
Andrea Grechi
Irene Grassi
Marta Malosso
Ludovica Mangione
Cecilia Bonazzetti
Beatrice Tazza
Matteo Rinaldi
Armando Amicucci
Caterina Campoli
Zeno Pasquini
Simone Ambretti
Pier Giorgio Cojutti
Francesca Bonifazi
Pierluigi Viale
Maddalena Giannella
author_sort Alice Toschi
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Importance</h4>Patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSI) are classified as non-immunocompromised (n-IC) or immunocompromised (IC). However, immunosuppressive condition should not be considered univocally.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate epidemiological characteristics, management and outcome of GN-BSI in IC and non-IC patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Retrospective single-center study of hospitalized patients with GN-BSI conducted over a 7-year period. Patients with GN-BSI were divided in: solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, patients with hematologic malignancy (HM), patients with metastatic solid cancer (mSC), and non-major IC patients (nm-IC).<h4>Results</h4>3544 patients analysed: 76.7% nm-IC, 6.5% SOT, 8.0% HM and 8.8% mSC. SOT and HM patients were younger (SOT: 56.6 ± 13.1 years; HM: 56.4 ± 14.5; nm-IC: 72.4 ± 16.1; mSC: 68.6 ± 13.1, p < 0.001) and had lower CCI value (SOT: 4.5 ± 2.4; HM: 4.1 ± 2.1; nm-IC: 5.5 ± 2.6; mSC: 9.7 ± 2.5, p < 0.001). Urinary tract infection was the most common source of BSI in nm-IC (nm-IC: 50.1%, HM:15%; SOT: 33.3%; mSC: 25.9%, p < 0.001), intra-abdominal infection was the more frequent source among SOT and mSC (SOT:42.3%; mSC: 49.3%, nm-IC: 27.8%, HM:29%; p < 0.001). Primary BSI was the first cause of GN-BSI in HM (HM: 62.1%; SOT: 18.5%; nm-IC: 17.2%; mSC: 10.6%, p < 0.001). The lowest rate of death was observed in SOT and the highest in mSC (SOT 8.2%; nm-IC 13.4%; HM 14.9%; mSC 19.9%, p < 0.001). Relapse rate was highest in SOT (SOT: 18.8%; HM: 11.8%; NMIC: 7.2%; aST: 7.1%, p < 0.001). Follow-up bloodcultures were associated with a lower mortality only among NMIC (HR = 0.317, 95% CI 0.178-0.563, p < 0.001) and aST (HR = 0.198, 95% CI 0.058-0.673, p = 0.010). The role of treatment duration on relapse was not evident in any group, conversely receiving at least 7 days of treatment was associated with a lower risk of 90-day mortality in SOT and HM patients.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The characteristics and outcome of GN-BSI are peculiar between specific IC categories, therefore a personalized management should be implemented.
format Article
id doaj-art-b2d2d9dde0b04bf3a2ed9ebb90b39cfe
institution DOAJ
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-b2d2d9dde0b04bf3a2ed9ebb90b39cfe2025-08-20T03:11:45ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01207e032753510.1371/journal.pone.0327535Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.Alice ToschiRenato PascaleDino GibertoniRiccardo PasqualiAndrea GrechiIrene GrassiMarta MalossoLudovica MangioneCecilia BonazzettiBeatrice TazzaMatteo RinaldiArmando AmicucciCaterina CampoliZeno PasquiniSimone AmbrettiPier Giorgio CojuttiFrancesca BonifaziPierluigi VialeMaddalena Giannella<h4>Importance</h4>Patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSI) are classified as non-immunocompromised (n-IC) or immunocompromised (IC). However, immunosuppressive condition should not be considered univocally.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate epidemiological characteristics, management and outcome of GN-BSI in IC and non-IC patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Retrospective single-center study of hospitalized patients with GN-BSI conducted over a 7-year period. Patients with GN-BSI were divided in: solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, patients with hematologic malignancy (HM), patients with metastatic solid cancer (mSC), and non-major IC patients (nm-IC).<h4>Results</h4>3544 patients analysed: 76.7% nm-IC, 6.5% SOT, 8.0% HM and 8.8% mSC. SOT and HM patients were younger (SOT: 56.6 ± 13.1 years; HM: 56.4 ± 14.5; nm-IC: 72.4 ± 16.1; mSC: 68.6 ± 13.1, p < 0.001) and had lower CCI value (SOT: 4.5 ± 2.4; HM: 4.1 ± 2.1; nm-IC: 5.5 ± 2.6; mSC: 9.7 ± 2.5, p < 0.001). Urinary tract infection was the most common source of BSI in nm-IC (nm-IC: 50.1%, HM:15%; SOT: 33.3%; mSC: 25.9%, p < 0.001), intra-abdominal infection was the more frequent source among SOT and mSC (SOT:42.3%; mSC: 49.3%, nm-IC: 27.8%, HM:29%; p < 0.001). Primary BSI was the first cause of GN-BSI in HM (HM: 62.1%; SOT: 18.5%; nm-IC: 17.2%; mSC: 10.6%, p < 0.001). The lowest rate of death was observed in SOT and the highest in mSC (SOT 8.2%; nm-IC 13.4%; HM 14.9%; mSC 19.9%, p < 0.001). Relapse rate was highest in SOT (SOT: 18.8%; HM: 11.8%; NMIC: 7.2%; aST: 7.1%, p < 0.001). Follow-up bloodcultures were associated with a lower mortality only among NMIC (HR = 0.317, 95% CI 0.178-0.563, p < 0.001) and aST (HR = 0.198, 95% CI 0.058-0.673, p = 0.010). The role of treatment duration on relapse was not evident in any group, conversely receiving at least 7 days of treatment was associated with a lower risk of 90-day mortality in SOT and HM patients.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The characteristics and outcome of GN-BSI are peculiar between specific IC categories, therefore a personalized management should be implemented.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327535
spellingShingle Alice Toschi
Renato Pascale
Dino Gibertoni
Riccardo Pasquali
Andrea Grechi
Irene Grassi
Marta Malosso
Ludovica Mangione
Cecilia Bonazzetti
Beatrice Tazza
Matteo Rinaldi
Armando Amicucci
Caterina Campoli
Zeno Pasquini
Simone Ambretti
Pier Giorgio Cojutti
Francesca Bonifazi
Pierluigi Viale
Maddalena Giannella
Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.
PLoS ONE
title Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.
title_full Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.
title_fullStr Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.
title_short Epidemiological characteristics and management of Gram-negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts: Observational single-center study.
title_sort epidemiological characteristics and management of gram negative bacteraemia in different immunocompromised hosts observational single center study
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327535
work_keys_str_mv AT alicetoschi epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT renatopascale epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT dinogibertoni epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT riccardopasquali epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT andreagrechi epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT irenegrassi epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT martamalosso epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT ludovicamangione epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT ceciliabonazzetti epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT beatricetazza epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT matteorinaldi epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT armandoamicucci epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT caterinacampoli epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT zenopasquini epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT simoneambretti epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT piergiorgiocojutti epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT francescabonifazi epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT pierluigiviale epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy
AT maddalenagiannella epidemiologicalcharacteristicsandmanagementofgramnegativebacteraemiaindifferentimmunocompromisedhostsobservationalsinglecenterstudy