Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater
Abstract Photocatalytic degradation has emerged as a promising approach for addressing dye-laden wastewater from industrial effluents. In this study, a cost-effective cobalt sulfide (CoS) photocatalyst was synthesized via a simple precipitation method and employed for the visible-light-driven degrad...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13932-1 |
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| author | Heba M. El Sharkawy Ghada E. Khedr Esraa M. El-Fawal |
| author_facet | Heba M. El Sharkawy Ghada E. Khedr Esraa M. El-Fawal |
| author_sort | Heba M. El Sharkawy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Photocatalytic degradation has emerged as a promising approach for addressing dye-laden wastewater from industrial effluents. In this study, a cost-effective cobalt sulfide (CoS) photocatalyst was synthesized via a simple precipitation method and employed for the visible-light-driven degradation of cationic methylene blue (MB) and anionic methyl red (MR) dyes. The as-prepared CoS was characterized using XRD, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, DRS, and PL techniques, revealing a hexagonal phase structure, uniform spherical morphology with particle sizes of 15–22 nm, a mesoporous surface with a BET-specific surface area of 33.6 m²·g⁻¹, and a narrow band gap of 1.6 eV. Under optimized conditions, CoS demonstrated excellent photocatalytic performance, achieving 97.7% degradation of MB and 75.3% degradation of MR within 90 min under visible light. Kinetic analysis showed a pseudo-first-order reaction with rate constants of 0.03 min⁻¹ for MB and 0.01 min⁻¹ for MR. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations further elucidated the adsorption configurations and energetics of both dyes on the CoS (100) surface, revealing stronger adsorption of MB compared to MR. These findings highlight the potential of CoS as an affordable and efficient photocatalyst for sustainable wastewater remediation applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b2564ff53f8c4460b9840097c9b5101b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b2564ff53f8c4460b9840097c9b5101b2025-08-24T11:19:47ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-13932-1Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewaterHeba M. El Sharkawy0Ghada E. Khedr1Esraa M. El-Fawal2Department of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteDepartment of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteDepartment of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteAbstract Photocatalytic degradation has emerged as a promising approach for addressing dye-laden wastewater from industrial effluents. In this study, a cost-effective cobalt sulfide (CoS) photocatalyst was synthesized via a simple precipitation method and employed for the visible-light-driven degradation of cationic methylene blue (MB) and anionic methyl red (MR) dyes. The as-prepared CoS was characterized using XRD, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, DRS, and PL techniques, revealing a hexagonal phase structure, uniform spherical morphology with particle sizes of 15–22 nm, a mesoporous surface with a BET-specific surface area of 33.6 m²·g⁻¹, and a narrow band gap of 1.6 eV. Under optimized conditions, CoS demonstrated excellent photocatalytic performance, achieving 97.7% degradation of MB and 75.3% degradation of MR within 90 min under visible light. Kinetic analysis showed a pseudo-first-order reaction with rate constants of 0.03 min⁻¹ for MB and 0.01 min⁻¹ for MR. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations further elucidated the adsorption configurations and energetics of both dyes on the CoS (100) surface, revealing stronger adsorption of MB compared to MR. These findings highlight the potential of CoS as an affordable and efficient photocatalyst for sustainable wastewater remediation applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13932-1PhotodegradationDyesWater treatmentDFT |
| spellingShingle | Heba M. El Sharkawy Ghada E. Khedr Esraa M. El-Fawal Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater Scientific Reports Photodegradation Dyes Water treatment DFT |
| title | Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater |
| title_full | Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater |
| title_short | Photocatalytic and theoretical study of CoS nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater |
| title_sort | photocatalytic and theoretical study of cos nanoparticles for sustainable dye removal from wastewater |
| topic | Photodegradation Dyes Water treatment DFT |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13932-1 |
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