Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides
Purpose. We investigated the effect of age and sex on corneal touch threshold (CTT) and duration of action following administration of 0.5% topical ophthalmic proparacaine and tetracaine hydrochlorides. Methods. A prospective, randomized, subject-masked, crossover study design was used. Two hundred...
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8661098 |
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| author | Samuel Kyei Nana Yaw Abaka Dadzie Ebenezer Zaabaar Kwasi Antwi Asamoah Dwomoh Kofi Asiedu |
| author_facet | Samuel Kyei Nana Yaw Abaka Dadzie Ebenezer Zaabaar Kwasi Antwi Asamoah Dwomoh Kofi Asiedu |
| author_sort | Samuel Kyei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose. We investigated the effect of age and sex on corneal touch threshold (CTT) and duration of action following administration of 0.5% topical ophthalmic proparacaine and tetracaine hydrochlorides. Methods. A prospective, randomized, subject-masked, crossover study design was used. Two hundred and forty human volunteers were enrolled in the study. Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was determined using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. CTT was measured every 15 seconds for the first 1-minute and at 5-minute intervals subsequently for a period of 40 minutes after the application of each anesthetic. CTT and duration of action of the ophthalmic solutions were tested for statistical significance using repeated measures ANOVA. Results. The total duration of effect was 20 minutes for females and 25 minutes for males for both anesthetics. The total duration of the effect of both solutions decreased with increasing age; however, elderly participants had the longest duration (5 minutes) of the maximal effect (minimum CTT) of the two ophthalmic preparations. There was a significant influence of sex, F (2.39, 569.65) = 2.86, p=0.04; F (3.48, 828.19) = 4.41, p=0.003, and age, F (4.78, 566.18) = 8.97, p<0.001; F (7.19, 852.56) = 20.55, p<0.001 on CTT following application of proparacaine hydrochloride and tetracaine hydrochloride, respectively. Conclusion. CTT and duration of anesthetic effect after instillation of 1 drop of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride and 0.5% tetracaine hydrochloride vary based on sex and age. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b133c5de3cda466ea711c939a206bf51 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-004X 2090-0058 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b133c5de3cda466ea711c939a206bf512025-02-03T01:27:06ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-004X2090-00582021-01-01202110.1155/2021/86610988661098Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine HydrochloridesSamuel Kyei0Nana Yaw Abaka Dadzie1Ebenezer Zaabaar2Kwasi Antwi Asamoah Dwomoh3Kofi Asiedu4Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, GhanaThe Eye Clinic, LEKMA Hospital, Teshie, Accra, GhanaDepartment of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, GhanaDepartment of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, GhanaSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, AustraliaPurpose. We investigated the effect of age and sex on corneal touch threshold (CTT) and duration of action following administration of 0.5% topical ophthalmic proparacaine and tetracaine hydrochlorides. Methods. A prospective, randomized, subject-masked, crossover study design was used. Two hundred and forty human volunteers were enrolled in the study. Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was determined using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. CTT was measured every 15 seconds for the first 1-minute and at 5-minute intervals subsequently for a period of 40 minutes after the application of each anesthetic. CTT and duration of action of the ophthalmic solutions were tested for statistical significance using repeated measures ANOVA. Results. The total duration of effect was 20 minutes for females and 25 minutes for males for both anesthetics. The total duration of the effect of both solutions decreased with increasing age; however, elderly participants had the longest duration (5 minutes) of the maximal effect (minimum CTT) of the two ophthalmic preparations. There was a significant influence of sex, F (2.39, 569.65) = 2.86, p=0.04; F (3.48, 828.19) = 4.41, p=0.003, and age, F (4.78, 566.18) = 8.97, p<0.001; F (7.19, 852.56) = 20.55, p<0.001 on CTT following application of proparacaine hydrochloride and tetracaine hydrochloride, respectively. Conclusion. CTT and duration of anesthetic effect after instillation of 1 drop of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride and 0.5% tetracaine hydrochloride vary based on sex and age.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8661098 |
| spellingShingle | Samuel Kyei Nana Yaw Abaka Dadzie Ebenezer Zaabaar Kwasi Antwi Asamoah Dwomoh Kofi Asiedu Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides Journal of Ophthalmology |
| title | Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides |
| title_full | Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides |
| title_fullStr | Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides |
| title_short | Age and Sex Variation in the Duration of Action and Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% Topical Ophthalmic Proparacaine and Tetracaine Hydrochlorides |
| title_sort | age and sex variation in the duration of action and corneal touch threshold ctt following instillation of 0 5 topical ophthalmic proparacaine and tetracaine hydrochlorides |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8661098 |
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