The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study
Abstract Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was one of the most common causes of death in the European Union in 2017. Severity and mortality of CAP increase with age and an aging European population will require increased planning for prevention, control, and management of CAP. The purpos...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10468-7 |
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| author | Elisabeth Rünow Frida Valeur Gustav Torisson Karin Hansen Christian Theilacker Kristian Riesbeck Jonas Ahl |
| author_facet | Elisabeth Rünow Frida Valeur Gustav Torisson Karin Hansen Christian Theilacker Kristian Riesbeck Jonas Ahl |
| author_sort | Elisabeth Rünow |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was one of the most common causes of death in the European Union in 2017. Severity and mortality of CAP increase with age and an aging European population will require increased planning for prevention, control, and management of CAP. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated population-based estimate of the incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization in Northern Europe. Method We conducted a retrospective cohort study estimating the population-based incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization. Adults residing in Southern Sweden admitted between September 2016 and September 2018 with radiographically confirmed CAP and a primary discharge diagnosis consistent with pneumonia were identified by retrospective medical chart review. Incidence rates were stratified by age and sex. Results We identified 1,575 episodes of CAP in 1,471 unique individuals, accounting for 45% of the total eligible patient population. The crude incidence rate of CAP requiring hospitalization was 259 (95% CI: 246–272) and age-standardized rate was 294 (95% CI: 280–309) per 100,000 person-years. Among those aged 80 years and older, hospitalization rate was 17 times higher vs those aged 18–64 years, yielding an IRR 17.4 (95% CI: 15.4–19.7). Males aged ≥ 80 years had a 57% increased risk of CAP requiring hospitalization compared to women ≥ 80 years, resulting in an IRR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.33–1.85). The lowest in-hospital case-fatality risk was among the 18–64 years group 3.4% (n = 16), and highest among those ≥ 80 years 8.1% (n = 46). Conclusion We found that the incidence and mortality of CAP requiring hospitalization in adults are considerable. Preventive measures are needed that target older adults and those at increased risk of CAP. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aedb678199f645f8b26e8b1435f5eeec |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-aedb678199f645f8b26e8b1435f5eeec2025-01-19T12:11:49ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-01-012511910.1186/s12879-025-10468-7The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based studyElisabeth Rünow0Frida Valeur1Gustav Torisson2Karin Hansen3Christian Theilacker4Kristian Riesbeck5Jonas Ahl6Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund UniversityInfectious Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund UniversityInfectious Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund UniversityClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund UniversityVaccines Global Medical Development, Scientific and Clinical Affairs, PfizerClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund UniversityClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund UniversityAbstract Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was one of the most common causes of death in the European Union in 2017. Severity and mortality of CAP increase with age and an aging European population will require increased planning for prevention, control, and management of CAP. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated population-based estimate of the incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization in Northern Europe. Method We conducted a retrospective cohort study estimating the population-based incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization. Adults residing in Southern Sweden admitted between September 2016 and September 2018 with radiographically confirmed CAP and a primary discharge diagnosis consistent with pneumonia were identified by retrospective medical chart review. Incidence rates were stratified by age and sex. Results We identified 1,575 episodes of CAP in 1,471 unique individuals, accounting for 45% of the total eligible patient population. The crude incidence rate of CAP requiring hospitalization was 259 (95% CI: 246–272) and age-standardized rate was 294 (95% CI: 280–309) per 100,000 person-years. Among those aged 80 years and older, hospitalization rate was 17 times higher vs those aged 18–64 years, yielding an IRR 17.4 (95% CI: 15.4–19.7). Males aged ≥ 80 years had a 57% increased risk of CAP requiring hospitalization compared to women ≥ 80 years, resulting in an IRR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.33–1.85). The lowest in-hospital case-fatality risk was among the 18–64 years group 3.4% (n = 16), and highest among those ≥ 80 years 8.1% (n = 46). Conclusion We found that the incidence and mortality of CAP requiring hospitalization in adults are considerable. Preventive measures are needed that target older adults and those at increased risk of CAP.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10468-7AgeCAPCommunity acquired pneumoniaEpidemiologyIncidenceMortality |
| spellingShingle | Elisabeth Rünow Frida Valeur Gustav Torisson Karin Hansen Christian Theilacker Kristian Riesbeck Jonas Ahl The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study BMC Infectious Diseases Age CAP Community acquired pneumonia Epidemiology Incidence Mortality |
| title | The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study |
| title_full | The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study |
| title_fullStr | The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study |
| title_short | The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study |
| title_sort | incidence of radiologically verified community acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern sweden 2016 2018 a population based study |
| topic | Age CAP Community acquired pneumonia Epidemiology Incidence Mortality |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10468-7 |
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