Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods
In this study, raw hazelnut shells were used to obtain charcoal by pyrolysis at 250°C. The obtained material was subjected to physical, chemical, and physicochemical treatment methods to obtain activated carbons (ACs). Effect of the treatment procedures was determined by measuring the surface area o...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2015-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/651651 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832552382037229568 |
|---|---|
| author | Aziz Şencan Mehmet Kılıç |
| author_facet | Aziz Şencan Mehmet Kılıç |
| author_sort | Aziz Şencan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, raw hazelnut shells were used to obtain charcoal by pyrolysis at 250°C. The obtained material was subjected to physical, chemical, and physicochemical treatment methods to obtain activated carbons (ACs). Effect of the treatment procedures was determined by measuring the surface area of the produced ACs. In addition, changes in the functional groups of the obtained ACs during these treatments were determined with the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). To determine the most effective chemical agent, the charcoal samples were examined for Pb(II) adsorption from aqueous solutions under different pH conditions of 4 to 6. According to the results, the most effective chemical agent was determined as Ca(OCl)2. Effect of microwave and ultrasound treatments was also examined during Pb(II) adsorption by the chemically treated AC. The results showed that chemical treatment with Ca(OCl)2, microwave treatment for 5 minutes, ultrasound treatment for 20 minutes, and pyrolysis at 700°C together were the most suitable combination enhancing the surface area of the adsorbent. This combination increased the surface area and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent by 202 and 4.76 times, respectively, when compared to those of the raw hazelnut shell. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aea82b48b9494b64bbedb50a5ead022d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9063 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-aea82b48b9494b64bbedb50a5ead022d2025-02-03T05:58:49ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712015-01-01201510.1155/2015/651651651651Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment MethodsAziz Şencan0Mehmet Kılıç1Department of Chemical Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, TurkeyDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, TurkeyIn this study, raw hazelnut shells were used to obtain charcoal by pyrolysis at 250°C. The obtained material was subjected to physical, chemical, and physicochemical treatment methods to obtain activated carbons (ACs). Effect of the treatment procedures was determined by measuring the surface area of the produced ACs. In addition, changes in the functional groups of the obtained ACs during these treatments were determined with the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). To determine the most effective chemical agent, the charcoal samples were examined for Pb(II) adsorption from aqueous solutions under different pH conditions of 4 to 6. According to the results, the most effective chemical agent was determined as Ca(OCl)2. Effect of microwave and ultrasound treatments was also examined during Pb(II) adsorption by the chemically treated AC. The results showed that chemical treatment with Ca(OCl)2, microwave treatment for 5 minutes, ultrasound treatment for 20 minutes, and pyrolysis at 700°C together were the most suitable combination enhancing the surface area of the adsorbent. This combination increased the surface area and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent by 202 and 4.76 times, respectively, when compared to those of the raw hazelnut shell.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/651651 |
| spellingShingle | Aziz Şencan Mehmet Kılıç Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods |
| title_full | Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods |
| title_short | Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods |
| title_sort | investigation of the changes in surface area and ft ir spectra of activated carbons obtained from hazelnut shells by physicochemical treatment methods |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/651651 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT azizsencan investigationofthechangesinsurfaceareaandftirspectraofactivatedcarbonsobtainedfromhazelnutshellsbyphysicochemicaltreatmentmethods AT mehmetkılıc investigationofthechangesinsurfaceareaandftirspectraofactivatedcarbonsobtainedfromhazelnutshellsbyphysicochemicaltreatmentmethods |