Micro-vibration assisted dual-layer spiral microneedles to rapidly extract dermal interstitial fluid for minimally invasive detection of glucose

Abstract Various hydrogels have been explored to create minimally invasive microneedles (MNs) to extract interstitial fluid (ISF). However, current methods are time-consuming and typically require 10–15 min to extract 3–5 mg of ISF. This study introduces two spiral-shaped swellable MN arrays: one ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Khaled Mohammed Saifullah, Asim Mushtaq, Pouria Azarikhah, Philip D. Prewett, Graham J. Davies, Zahra Faraji Rad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2025-01-01
Series:Microsystems & Nanoengineering
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-024-00850-x
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