Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute
Collection, preservation and effective use of grapevine genetic resources is vital for the development of ampelography as a subdiscipline of botany, for the successful development of industrial viticulture for contemporaries and future generations. The grapevine genetic resources of the Institute “M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1178 |
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| author | A. A. Polulyakh V. A. Volynkin V. V. Likhovsko |
| author_facet | A. A. Polulyakh V. A. Volynkin V. V. Likhovsko |
| author_sort | A. A. Polulyakh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Collection, preservation and effective use of grapevine genetic resources is vital for the development of ampelography as a subdiscipline of botany, for the successful development of industrial viticulture for contemporaries and future generations. The grapevine genetic resources of the Institute “Magarach” constitute one of the world’s oldest and richest ampelographic collections containing 4120 samples, of which 763 make a special selected collection and 3357 are in the base collection. The botanical diversity of the base collection is represented by three species of the genus Ampelopsis Michaux, two species of the genus Parthenocissus Planch., 22 species of the genus Vitis Linn., 612 varieties of interspecific origin, 2162 varieties of Vitis vinifera sativa D.C. and others. The specificity of preserving the field collection of grapevines – a culture that reproduces vegetatively – depends on the following factors: graft culture, perennial nature of the plants, genetic diversity of samples, which vary as to their resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, and cultivation conditions. The successful establishment and conservation of future collections require fundamentally new cultivation techniques and application of cultivation methods involving revitalized grape planting stock. To supplement the traditional method of grapevine genetic resources conservation in the field collection, we have developed a method of preserving the gene pool collection in vitro under the minimal growth conditions. At the institute “Magarach” we have formed a vegetative collection of 40 grapevine varieties, hybrids and clones in vitro, and this work is under way. An effective way to solve the problem of gene pool preservation is cryopreservation, which is the main way of preserving genetic material of some crops. At present, the method of cryopreservation of the vine, considering the difficulties of overcoming the cryogenic damages of the biological material of grapes at ultra-low temperatures, remains the most difficult and chances of losing the collection are quite high. Thus, at present field collection is the main method of grape genetic resources conservation. Formation of in vitro grapevine collections method is considered a subsidiary one. In the future, it is expedient to develop methods for storing the plant material of grapes at ultra-low temperatures as a future technology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ab34f4f33fdc4de1bd211dd7496d4de9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab34f4f33fdc4de1bd211dd7496d4de92025-02-01T09:58:04ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592017-11-0121660861610.18699/VJ17.276659Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” InstituteA. A. Polulyakh0V. A. Volynkin1V. V. Likhovsko2All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking “Magarach” RAS, YaltaAll-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking “Magarach” RAS, YaltaAll-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking “Magarach” RAS, YaltaCollection, preservation and effective use of grapevine genetic resources is vital for the development of ampelography as a subdiscipline of botany, for the successful development of industrial viticulture for contemporaries and future generations. The grapevine genetic resources of the Institute “Magarach” constitute one of the world’s oldest and richest ampelographic collections containing 4120 samples, of which 763 make a special selected collection and 3357 are in the base collection. The botanical diversity of the base collection is represented by three species of the genus Ampelopsis Michaux, two species of the genus Parthenocissus Planch., 22 species of the genus Vitis Linn., 612 varieties of interspecific origin, 2162 varieties of Vitis vinifera sativa D.C. and others. The specificity of preserving the field collection of grapevines – a culture that reproduces vegetatively – depends on the following factors: graft culture, perennial nature of the plants, genetic diversity of samples, which vary as to their resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, and cultivation conditions. The successful establishment and conservation of future collections require fundamentally new cultivation techniques and application of cultivation methods involving revitalized grape planting stock. To supplement the traditional method of grapevine genetic resources conservation in the field collection, we have developed a method of preserving the gene pool collection in vitro under the minimal growth conditions. At the institute “Magarach” we have formed a vegetative collection of 40 grapevine varieties, hybrids and clones in vitro, and this work is under way. An effective way to solve the problem of gene pool preservation is cryopreservation, which is the main way of preserving genetic material of some crops. At present, the method of cryopreservation of the vine, considering the difficulties of overcoming the cryogenic damages of the biological material of grapes at ultra-low temperatures, remains the most difficult and chances of losing the collection are quite high. Thus, at present field collection is the main method of grape genetic resources conservation. Formation of in vitro grapevine collections method is considered a subsidiary one. In the future, it is expedient to develop methods for storing the plant material of grapes at ultra-low temperatures as a future technology.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1178grapevine genetic resourcesampelographic collectionin vitro grapevine collectioncryopreservation of grapes |
| spellingShingle | A. A. Polulyakh V. A. Volynkin V. V. Likhovsko Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции grapevine genetic resources ampelographic collection in vitro grapevine collection cryopreservation of grapes |
| title | Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute |
| title_full | Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute |
| title_fullStr | Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute |
| title_full_unstemmed | Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute |
| title_short | Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute |
| title_sort | problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at magarach institute |
| topic | grapevine genetic resources ampelographic collection in vitro grapevine collection cryopreservation of grapes |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1178 |
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