Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study
Objectives: We sought to explore the clinical characteristics of corneal ectasia and provide insights on related factors, including demography, ocular health, and the management trends in the Saudi population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective hospital-based chart review of patients with corneal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oman Medical Specialty Board
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Oman Medical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3825 |
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| author | Waleed Alghamdi Sulaiman Aldakhil Saif Hassan Alrasheed Kareem Allinjawi Mustafa Abdu Raghda F. Mutwaly Khaled Al Rashah Hani M. Ghazal Ghassan H. Radwan Naveen Kumar Challa |
| author_facet | Waleed Alghamdi Sulaiman Aldakhil Saif Hassan Alrasheed Kareem Allinjawi Mustafa Abdu Raghda F. Mutwaly Khaled Al Rashah Hani M. Ghazal Ghassan H. Radwan Naveen Kumar Challa |
| author_sort | Waleed Alghamdi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: We sought to explore the clinical characteristics of corneal ectasia and provide insights on related factors, including demography, ocular health, and the management trends in the Saudi population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective hospital-based chart review of patients with corneal ectasia in multiple medical centers in Saudi Arabia between 1 January and 31 December 2018. Eye care professionals diagnosed these patients based on their medical history, physical examination, and the use of Pentacam. The severity of the condition was assessed using the k median index from the Pentacam map following the modified Krumeich grading system. Results: We reviewed the medical records of 430 eyes of 215 patients with corneal ectasia. The majority (98.6%) of patients had bilateral corneal ectasia, with 202 (94.0%) having keratoconus and 13 (6.0%) having post-laser in situ keratomileusis ectasia. Males and age groups between 14 and 45 years were more affected. The mean age of onset was 7.1 years, ranging from 2–32 years, which was higher among patients from the western region. Regarding severity, 230 (53.5%) eyes presented in the initial stages, while 36 (8.4%) were in the severe stage with no significant difference between the regions studied. No significant differences were observed in mean central corneal thickness and power between patients from the central and western regions. Corneal rigid gas permeable contact lens was most used in treatment of 176 (40.9%) eyes followed by glasses in155 (36. 0%), while corneal cross-linking was the common surgical intervention (10.9%), followed by penetrating keratoplasty (3.0%). Conclusions: Most keratoconus patients had a bilateral mild stage of the disease and were in their third decade. This high rate of bilaterality of diseases during diagnosis may be due to misdiagnosis in the initial stages, which highlights the importance of community and eye care professionals’ awareness of comprehensive eye examinations and regular follow-up, including corneal topography assessments of both eyes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a81a1a7783a249c19adb6775eb1def8a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-768X 2070-5204 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | Oman Medical Specialty Board |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oman Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-a81a1a7783a249c19adb6775eb1def8a2025-02-06T07:13:58ZengOman Medical Specialty BoardOman Medical Journal1999-768X2070-52042024-07-01394e649e64910.5001/omj.2024.88Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based StudyWaleed Alghamdi0Sulaiman Aldakhil1Saif Hassan Alrasheed2Kareem Allinjawi3Mustafa Abdu4Raghda F. Mutwaly5Khaled Al Rashah6Hani M. Ghazal7Ghassan H. Radwan8Naveen Kumar Challa9Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaMedical Services, Ministry of Interior, Najran, Saudi ArabiaOphthalmology Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaOphthalmology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaObjectives: We sought to explore the clinical characteristics of corneal ectasia and provide insights on related factors, including demography, ocular health, and the management trends in the Saudi population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective hospital-based chart review of patients with corneal ectasia in multiple medical centers in Saudi Arabia between 1 January and 31 December 2018. Eye care professionals diagnosed these patients based on their medical history, physical examination, and the use of Pentacam. The severity of the condition was assessed using the k median index from the Pentacam map following the modified Krumeich grading system. Results: We reviewed the medical records of 430 eyes of 215 patients with corneal ectasia. The majority (98.6%) of patients had bilateral corneal ectasia, with 202 (94.0%) having keratoconus and 13 (6.0%) having post-laser in situ keratomileusis ectasia. Males and age groups between 14 and 45 years were more affected. The mean age of onset was 7.1 years, ranging from 2–32 years, which was higher among patients from the western region. Regarding severity, 230 (53.5%) eyes presented in the initial stages, while 36 (8.4%) were in the severe stage with no significant difference between the regions studied. No significant differences were observed in mean central corneal thickness and power between patients from the central and western regions. Corneal rigid gas permeable contact lens was most used in treatment of 176 (40.9%) eyes followed by glasses in155 (36. 0%), while corneal cross-linking was the common surgical intervention (10.9%), followed by penetrating keratoplasty (3.0%). Conclusions: Most keratoconus patients had a bilateral mild stage of the disease and were in their third decade. This high rate of bilaterality of diseases during diagnosis may be due to misdiagnosis in the initial stages, which highlights the importance of community and eye care professionals’ awareness of comprehensive eye examinations and regular follow-up, including corneal topography assessments of both eyes.https://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3825keratoconuscorneal topographykeratoplastypenetratingcorneal cross-linkingsaudi arabi |
| spellingShingle | Waleed Alghamdi Sulaiman Aldakhil Saif Hassan Alrasheed Kareem Allinjawi Mustafa Abdu Raghda F. Mutwaly Khaled Al Rashah Hani M. Ghazal Ghassan H. Radwan Naveen Kumar Challa Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study Oman Medical Journal keratoconus corneal topography keratoplasty penetrating corneal cross-linking saudi arabi |
| title | Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study |
| title_full | Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study |
| title_fullStr | Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study |
| title_short | Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Corneal Ectasia at Multiple Medical Centers in Saudi Arabia: A Hospital-based Study |
| title_sort | demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with corneal ectasia at multiple medical centers in saudi arabia a hospital based study |
| topic | keratoconus corneal topography keratoplasty penetrating corneal cross-linking saudi arabi |
| url | https://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3825 |
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