Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs
During phase II metabolism, a substrate is rendered more hydrophilic through the covalent attachment of an endogenous molecule. The cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) families of enzymes account for the majority of phase II metabolism in humans and animals. In ge...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2009-01-01
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| Series: | PPAR Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/728941 |
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| author | Melissa Runge-Morris Thomas A. Kocarek |
| author_facet | Melissa Runge-Morris Thomas A. Kocarek |
| author_sort | Melissa Runge-Morris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During phase II metabolism, a substrate is rendered more hydrophilic through the covalent attachment of an endogenous molecule. The cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) families of enzymes account for the majority of phase II metabolism in humans and animals. In general, phase II metabolism is considered to be a detoxication process, as sulfate and glucuronide conjugates are more amenable to excretion and elimination than are the parent substrates. However, certain products of phase II metabolism (e.g., unstable sulfate conjugates) are genotoxic. Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily are particularly important regulators of SULT and UGT gene transcription. In metabolically active tissues, increasing evidence supports a major role for lipid-sensing transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), in the regulation of rodent and human SULT and UGT gene expression. This review summarizes current information regarding the regulation of these two major classes of phase II metabolizing enzyme by PPARs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a74356e3163f444b95029c4227974d78 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-4757 1687-4765 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2009-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PPAR Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-a74356e3163f444b95029c4227974d782025-02-03T05:51:03ZengWileyPPAR Research1687-47571687-47652009-01-01200910.1155/2009/728941728941Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARsMelissa Runge-Morris0Thomas A. Kocarek1Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USAInstitute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADuring phase II metabolism, a substrate is rendered more hydrophilic through the covalent attachment of an endogenous molecule. The cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) families of enzymes account for the majority of phase II metabolism in humans and animals. In general, phase II metabolism is considered to be a detoxication process, as sulfate and glucuronide conjugates are more amenable to excretion and elimination than are the parent substrates. However, certain products of phase II metabolism (e.g., unstable sulfate conjugates) are genotoxic. Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily are particularly important regulators of SULT and UGT gene transcription. In metabolically active tissues, increasing evidence supports a major role for lipid-sensing transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), in the regulation of rodent and human SULT and UGT gene expression. This review summarizes current information regarding the regulation of these two major classes of phase II metabolizing enzyme by PPARs.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/728941 |
| spellingShingle | Melissa Runge-Morris Thomas A. Kocarek Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs PPAR Research |
| title | Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs |
| title_full | Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs |
| title_short | Regulation of Sulfotransferase and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Gene Expression by the PPARs |
| title_sort | regulation of sulfotransferase and udp glucuronosyltransferase gene expression by the ppars |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/728941 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT melissarungemorris regulationofsulfotransferaseandudpglucuronosyltransferasegeneexpressionbytheppars AT thomasakocarek regulationofsulfotransferaseandudpglucuronosyltransferasegeneexpressionbytheppars |