Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank
Breastfeeding is fundamental for the development and protection of the newborn, and microorganisms present in breast milk are associated with the development of the infant’s intestinal microbiota. However, there are factors that interfere with breastfeeding, resulting in the need to supply donated m...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/28 |
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| author | Dayane da Silva Zanini Benedito Donizete Menozzi Wanderson Sirley Reis Teixeira Felipe Fornazari Gismelli Cristiane Angeluci Raquel Cuba Gaspar Lucas Franco Miranda Ribeiro Carlos Eduardo Fidelis Marcos Veiga dos Santos Juliano Gonçalves Pereira Helio Langoni |
| author_facet | Dayane da Silva Zanini Benedito Donizete Menozzi Wanderson Sirley Reis Teixeira Felipe Fornazari Gismelli Cristiane Angeluci Raquel Cuba Gaspar Lucas Franco Miranda Ribeiro Carlos Eduardo Fidelis Marcos Veiga dos Santos Juliano Gonçalves Pereira Helio Langoni |
| author_sort | Dayane da Silva Zanini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Breastfeeding is fundamental for the development and protection of the newborn, and microorganisms present in breast milk are associated with the development of the infant’s intestinal microbiota. However, there are factors that interfere with breastfeeding, resulting in the need to supply donated milk to milk banks for these children. Even though there is a restriction on medications prescribed for pregnant and breastfeeding women, some antimicrobials are accepted, as long as they are used correctly and as they can increase the selection pressure for resistant bacteria. The microorganisms present in breast milk from a human milk bank were evaluated and the resistance of the isolates to antimicrobials was phenotypically characterized. In total, 184 microbial isolates were identified by mass spectrometry, of 12 bacterial genera and 1 yeast genus. There was a high prevalence of bacteria of the genus <i>Staphylococcus</i>, mainly <i>S. epidermidis</i> (33%). Resistance to antimicrobials varied among species, with a higher percentage of isolates resistant to penicillins and macrolides. Multidrug resistance was identified in 12.6% of 143 isolates. Breast milk contains a wide variety of microorganisms, mainly those of the <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> genera. There was a high percentage of resistant isolates, and multidrug resistance in <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> (66.7%; 4/6) and <i>S. epidermidis</i> (15.0%; 9/60) isolates, which increases the public health concern. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a4fee0975c2748b0a885e933feab848f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-a4fee0975c2748b0a885e933feab848f2025-01-24T13:42:21ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-12-011312810.3390/microorganisms13010028Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk BankDayane da Silva Zanini0Benedito Donizete Menozzi1Wanderson Sirley Reis Teixeira2Felipe Fornazari3Gismelli Cristiane Angeluci4Raquel Cuba Gaspar5Lucas Franco Miranda Ribeiro6Carlos Eduardo Fidelis7Marcos Veiga dos Santos8Juliano Gonçalves Pereira9Helio Langoni10School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilQualileite Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, BrazilQualileite Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga 13635-900, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilBreastfeeding is fundamental for the development and protection of the newborn, and microorganisms present in breast milk are associated with the development of the infant’s intestinal microbiota. However, there are factors that interfere with breastfeeding, resulting in the need to supply donated milk to milk banks for these children. Even though there is a restriction on medications prescribed for pregnant and breastfeeding women, some antimicrobials are accepted, as long as they are used correctly and as they can increase the selection pressure for resistant bacteria. The microorganisms present in breast milk from a human milk bank were evaluated and the resistance of the isolates to antimicrobials was phenotypically characterized. In total, 184 microbial isolates were identified by mass spectrometry, of 12 bacterial genera and 1 yeast genus. There was a high prevalence of bacteria of the genus <i>Staphylococcus</i>, mainly <i>S. epidermidis</i> (33%). Resistance to antimicrobials varied among species, with a higher percentage of isolates resistant to penicillins and macrolides. Multidrug resistance was identified in 12.6% of 143 isolates. Breast milk contains a wide variety of microorganisms, mainly those of the <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> genera. There was a high percentage of resistant isolates, and multidrug resistance in <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> (66.7%; 4/6) and <i>S. epidermidis</i> (15.0%; 9/60) isolates, which increases the public health concern.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/28breast milkhuman milk bankmicrobiotamultidrug resistance |
| spellingShingle | Dayane da Silva Zanini Benedito Donizete Menozzi Wanderson Sirley Reis Teixeira Felipe Fornazari Gismelli Cristiane Angeluci Raquel Cuba Gaspar Lucas Franco Miranda Ribeiro Carlos Eduardo Fidelis Marcos Veiga dos Santos Juliano Gonçalves Pereira Helio Langoni Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank Microorganisms breast milk human milk bank microbiota multidrug resistance |
| title | Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank |
| title_full | Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank |
| title_short | Bacterial Multiresistance and Microbial Diversity of Milk Received by a University Hospital Milk Bank |
| title_sort | bacterial multiresistance and microbial diversity of milk received by a university hospital milk bank |
| topic | breast milk human milk bank microbiota multidrug resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/28 |
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