Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024
Since the first isolation of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) BJEU06-1 strain from a Beijing pig farm in 2006, more and more PRRSV-1 isolates have been identified in China. In this study, we performed the routine detection of PRRSV-1 using 1521 clinical samples col...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| author | Shuai Yang Meng Cui Chen Li Ming Qiu Xiaoyang Zhu Yanhan Lin Yifan Meng Yuejia Qiu Wenhao Qi Hong Lin Wanglong Zheng Jianzhong Zhu Kewei Fan Nanhua Chen |
| author_facet | Shuai Yang Meng Cui Chen Li Ming Qiu Xiaoyang Zhu Yanhan Lin Yifan Meng Yuejia Qiu Wenhao Qi Hong Lin Wanglong Zheng Jianzhong Zhu Kewei Fan Nanhua Chen |
| author_sort | Shuai Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since the first isolation of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) BJEU06-1 strain from a Beijing pig farm in 2006, more and more PRRSV-1 isolates have been identified in China. In this study, we performed the routine detection of PRRSV-1 using 1521 clinical samples collected in 12 provinces/cities from February 2022 to May 2024. Only three lung samples from severely diseased piglets collected in January 2024 were detected as PRRSV-1-positive (0.197%, 3/1521). A PRRSV-1 strain (AHEU2024-2671) was successfully isolated in primary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) but not in Marc-145 cells. Genome sequencing showed that the AHEU2024-2671 isolate shared the highest genome similarity (90.67%) with the SC2020-1 isolate but only 84.01% similarity with the predominant BJEU06-1 strain. Noticeably, the AHEU2024-2671-like isolates not only contained deletions in nsp2 and the GP3-GP4 overlap region, but also contained a unique 6 nt deletion between nsp12 and the ORF2 gene. Furthermore, a genome-based phylogenetic tree supported that the AHEU2024-2671-like isolates form a novel subgroup within subtype 1. Overall, this study not only supported the idea that PRRSV-1 is rapidly evolving in Chinese swine herds, but also pulled the alarm that novel PRRSV-1 isolates with potentially increased pathogenicity might already exist in China, although they are still rarely detected among Chinese pigs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a16299dc10d24c5db9e2dfea4ec32b59 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-a16299dc10d24c5db9e2dfea4ec32b592025-01-24T13:52:09ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-01-011216110.3390/vetsci12010061Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024Shuai Yang0Meng Cui1Chen Li2Ming Qiu3Xiaoyang Zhu4Yanhan Lin5Yifan Meng6Yuejia Qiu7Wenhao Qi8Hong Lin9Wanglong Zheng10Jianzhong Zhu11Kewei Fan12Nanhua Chen13College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaLongyan University and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan 364012, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaSince the first isolation of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) BJEU06-1 strain from a Beijing pig farm in 2006, more and more PRRSV-1 isolates have been identified in China. In this study, we performed the routine detection of PRRSV-1 using 1521 clinical samples collected in 12 provinces/cities from February 2022 to May 2024. Only three lung samples from severely diseased piglets collected in January 2024 were detected as PRRSV-1-positive (0.197%, 3/1521). A PRRSV-1 strain (AHEU2024-2671) was successfully isolated in primary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) but not in Marc-145 cells. Genome sequencing showed that the AHEU2024-2671 isolate shared the highest genome similarity (90.67%) with the SC2020-1 isolate but only 84.01% similarity with the predominant BJEU06-1 strain. Noticeably, the AHEU2024-2671-like isolates not only contained deletions in nsp2 and the GP3-GP4 overlap region, but also contained a unique 6 nt deletion between nsp12 and the ORF2 gene. Furthermore, a genome-based phylogenetic tree supported that the AHEU2024-2671-like isolates form a novel subgroup within subtype 1. Overall, this study not only supported the idea that PRRSV-1 is rapidly evolving in Chinese swine herds, but also pulled the alarm that novel PRRSV-1 isolates with potentially increased pathogenicity might already exist in China, although they are still rarely detected among Chinese pigs.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/1/61porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1a novel isolatecomplete genome sequencingdeletionsevolution |
| spellingShingle | Shuai Yang Meng Cui Chen Li Ming Qiu Xiaoyang Zhu Yanhan Lin Yifan Meng Yuejia Qiu Wenhao Qi Hong Lin Wanglong Zheng Jianzhong Zhu Kewei Fan Nanhua Chen Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024 Veterinary Sciences porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 a novel isolate complete genome sequencing deletions evolution |
| title | Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024 |
| title_full | Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024 |
| title_fullStr | Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024 |
| title_short | Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 from Severely Diseased Piglets in China in 2024 |
| title_sort | isolation and genomic characterization of a novel porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 from severely diseased piglets in china in 2024 |
| topic | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 a novel isolate complete genome sequencing deletions evolution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/1/61 |
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