Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia
COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes the...
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GJESM Publisher
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management |
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| Online Access: | https://www.gjesm.net/article_40288_dcaaec135c595ceb30158e25f364155e.pdf |
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| author | R.E. Caraka Y. Lee R. Kurniawan R. Herliansyah P.A. Kaban B.I. Nasution P.U. Gio R.C. Chen T. Toharudin B. Pardamean |
| author_facet | R.E. Caraka Y. Lee R. Kurniawan R. Herliansyah P.A. Kaban B.I. Nasution P.U. Gio R.C. Chen T. Toharudin B. Pardamean |
| author_sort | R.E. Caraka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes the difference of CO, HCHO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and SO<sub>2</sub> density in Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, and South Sulawesi before and during the pandemic. Also, this study assesses the effect of large scale restrictions on the economic growth during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. In a nutshell, the results on Wilcoxon and Fisher test by significance level α=5% as well as odds ratio showed that there are significant differences of CO density in all regions with highest odds ratio in East Java (OR=9.07), significant differences of HCHO density in DKI Jakarta, East Java, and South Sulawesi. There are significant differences of NO<sub>2</sub> density before and during public activities limitation in DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and South Sulawesi. However, the results show that there are no significant differences of SO<sub>2</sub> density in all regions. In addition, this research shows that there are significant differences of retail, grocery and pharmacy, and residental mobility before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research also shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic there are severe economic losses, industry, companies, and real disruptions are severe for all levels of life due to large scale restrictions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a0b16acfecf44a869d3ba26b15934720 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2383-3572 2383-3866 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | GJESM Publisher |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management |
| spelling | doaj-art-a0b16acfecf44a869d3ba26b159347202025-02-02T15:13:57ZengGJESM PublisherGlobal Journal of Environmental Science and Management2383-35722383-38662020-06-016Special Issue (Covid-19)658410.22034/GJESM.2019.06.SI.0740288Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in IndonesiaR.E. Caraka0Y. Lee1R. Kurniawan2R. Herliansyah3P.A. Kaban4B.I. Nasution5P.U. Gio6R.C. Chen7T. Toharudin8B. Pardamean9Department of Information Management, College of Informatics, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan|Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University 56-1 Mountain, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul metrópolis, Korea|Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, DKI Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University 56-1 Mountain, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul metrópolis, KoreaPolytechnic Statistics, DKI Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Mathematics, Kalimantan Institute of Technology, Kalimantan Timur, IndonesiaPolytechnic Statistics, DKI Jakarta, IndonesiaPolytechnic Statistics, DKI Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Mathematics, Universitas Sumatera Utara, North Sumatera, IndonesiaDepartment of Information Management, College of Informatics, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung City, TaiwanDepartment of Statistics, Padjadjaran University, West Java, Indonesia.Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia|Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University, DKI Jakarta, IndonesiaCOVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes the difference of CO, HCHO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and SO<sub>2</sub> density in Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, and South Sulawesi before and during the pandemic. Also, this study assesses the effect of large scale restrictions on the economic growth during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. In a nutshell, the results on Wilcoxon and Fisher test by significance level α=5% as well as odds ratio showed that there are significant differences of CO density in all regions with highest odds ratio in East Java (OR=9.07), significant differences of HCHO density in DKI Jakarta, East Java, and South Sulawesi. There are significant differences of NO<sub>2</sub> density before and during public activities limitation in DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and South Sulawesi. However, the results show that there are no significant differences of SO<sub>2</sub> density in all regions. In addition, this research shows that there are significant differences of retail, grocery and pharmacy, and residental mobility before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research also shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic there are severe economic losses, industry, companies, and real disruptions are severe for all levels of life due to large scale restrictions.https://www.gjesm.net/article_40288_dcaaec135c595ceb30158e25f364155e.pdfcoronavirus disease (covid-19)economyenvironmentindonesiaodds ratiowilcoxon |
| spellingShingle | R.E. Caraka Y. Lee R. Kurniawan R. Herliansyah P.A. Kaban B.I. Nasution P.U. Gio R.C. Chen T. Toharudin B. Pardamean Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management coronavirus disease (covid-19) economy environment indonesia odds ratio wilcoxon |
| title | Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia |
| title_full | Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia |
| title_short | Impact of COVID-19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in Indonesia |
| title_sort | impact of covid 19 large scale restriction on environment and economy in indonesia |
| topic | coronavirus disease (covid-19) economy environment indonesia odds ratio wilcoxon |
| url | https://www.gjesm.net/article_40288_dcaaec135c595ceb30158e25f364155e.pdf |
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