A review of literature of a functional, congenital intrathoracic kidney
Abstract Introduction The rarest form of renal ectopia, the thoracic kidney, has been documented in only about 200 cases worldwide. There are four recognized causes of congenital thoracic renal ectopia: renal ectopia with an intact diaphragm, diaphragmatic eventration, diaphragmatic hernia, and trau...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-024-03306-5 |
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