Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its global incidence has increased in recent years. Radical surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the standard treatment options. However, the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes often present...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yunyan Dai, Chenyang Dong, Zhiming Wang, Yunpeng Zhou, Yi Wang, Yi Hao, Pinggui Chen, Chaojie Liang, Gaopeng Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1482291/full
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