Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences
<i>Camellia reticulata</i> is a well-known ornamental species with a type specimen that is an allohexaploid, possibly descended from diploid ancestors like <i>C. saluenensis</i>, <i>C. pitardii</i>, and diploid <i>C. reticulata</i>. With over 1500 year...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Zhifeng Fan Wei Zheng Chengmin Yan Xiaodan Xu |
| author_facet | Zhifeng Fan Wei Zheng Chengmin Yan Xiaodan Xu |
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| description | <i>Camellia reticulata</i> is a well-known ornamental species with a type specimen that is an allohexaploid, possibly descended from diploid ancestors like <i>C. saluenensis</i>, <i>C. pitardii</i>, and diploid <i>C. reticulata</i>. With over 1500 years of cultivation, heritage <i>C. reticulata</i> cultivars show varied ploidy levels, including hexaploid, octoploid, and decaploid forms, though their diploid ancestors are still unidentified. This study aims to trace these diploid ancestors by cloning and sequencing ITS from 25 taxa and <i>RPB</i>2 from 21 taxa across various ploidy levels of <i>C. reticulata</i> and its traditional cultivars and related species, combined with their fruit morphology data. Analyses of the ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 sequences suggest that the diploid ancestors of <i>C. reticulata</i> and its traditional cultivars may include <i>C. saluenensis</i>, <i>C. pitardii</i>, and diploid <i>C. reticulata</i>, while excluding <i>C. mairei</i> and <i>C. polyodonta</i>. Morphological analysis showed that diploid <i>C. reticulata</i> has significantly larger fruit weight, diameter, and pericarp thickness compared to <i>C. pitardii</i>, <i>C. saluenensis</i>, and both tetraploid and hexaploid <i>C. reticulata</i>. Since diploid ancestors of allopolyploids are often classified as distinct taxa, we suggest that diploid <i>C. reticulata</i> be recognized as a new variety of <i>C. pitardii</i>, as its ITS sequences are closely aligned with <i>C. pitardii</i>. This study offers key insights into the origin, evolution, and breeding of <i>C. reticulata</i>. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj-art-9ea5ed8d0bb046beaa72b3cb46a92b982025-01-24T13:34:43ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-01-011118510.3390/horticulturae11010085Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 SequencesZhifeng Fan0Wei Zheng1Chengmin Yan2Xiaodan Xu3Department of Architecture, City College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaLaboratory of Landscape Plants, Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and City Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaLaboratory of Landscape Plants, Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and City Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaLaboratory of Landscape Plants, Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and City Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China<i>Camellia reticulata</i> is a well-known ornamental species with a type specimen that is an allohexaploid, possibly descended from diploid ancestors like <i>C. saluenensis</i>, <i>C. pitardii</i>, and diploid <i>C. reticulata</i>. With over 1500 years of cultivation, heritage <i>C. reticulata</i> cultivars show varied ploidy levels, including hexaploid, octoploid, and decaploid forms, though their diploid ancestors are still unidentified. This study aims to trace these diploid ancestors by cloning and sequencing ITS from 25 taxa and <i>RPB</i>2 from 21 taxa across various ploidy levels of <i>C. reticulata</i> and its traditional cultivars and related species, combined with their fruit morphology data. Analyses of the ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 sequences suggest that the diploid ancestors of <i>C. reticulata</i> and its traditional cultivars may include <i>C. saluenensis</i>, <i>C. pitardii</i>, and diploid <i>C. reticulata</i>, while excluding <i>C. mairei</i> and <i>C. polyodonta</i>. Morphological analysis showed that diploid <i>C. reticulata</i> has significantly larger fruit weight, diameter, and pericarp thickness compared to <i>C. pitardii</i>, <i>C. saluenensis</i>, and both tetraploid and hexaploid <i>C. reticulata</i>. Since diploid ancestors of allopolyploids are often classified as distinct taxa, we suggest that diploid <i>C. reticulata</i> be recognized as a new variety of <i>C. pitardii</i>, as its ITS sequences are closely aligned with <i>C. pitardii</i>. This study offers key insights into the origin, evolution, and breeding of <i>C. reticulata</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/85<i>Camellia reticulata</i>allohexaploidphylogenycultivar originfruit morphology |
| spellingShingle | Zhifeng Fan Wei Zheng Chengmin Yan Xiaodan Xu Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences Horticulturae <i>Camellia reticulata</i> allohexaploid phylogeny cultivar origin fruit morphology |
| title | Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences |
| title_full | Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences |
| title_fullStr | Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences |
| title_short | Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> Based on ITS and <i>RPB</i>2 Sequences |
| title_sort | diploid ancestor tracing of allopolyploid cultivars in i camellia reticulata i based on its and i rpb i 2 sequences |
| topic | <i>Camellia reticulata</i> allohexaploid phylogeny cultivar origin fruit morphology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/1/85 |
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