The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function
Cannabis sativa (marijuana) is used by millions of people around the world. C. sativa produces hundreds of secondary metabolites including cannabinoids, flavones and terpenes. Terpenes are a broad class of organic compounds that give cannabis and other plants its aroma. Previous studies have demonst...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Toxicology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ftox.2024.1504508/full |
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| author | Patrick M. Greiss Patrick M. Greiss Patrick M. Greiss Jacquelyn D. Rich Jacquelyn D. Rich Jacquelyn D. Rich Geoffrey A. McKay Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Mark G. Lefsrud David H. Eidelman David H. Eidelman David H. Eidelman Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole |
| author_facet | Patrick M. Greiss Patrick M. Greiss Patrick M. Greiss Jacquelyn D. Rich Jacquelyn D. Rich Jacquelyn D. Rich Geoffrey A. McKay Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Mark G. Lefsrud David H. Eidelman David H. Eidelman David H. Eidelman Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole |
| author_sort | Patrick M. Greiss |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cannabis sativa (marijuana) is used by millions of people around the world. C. sativa produces hundreds of secondary metabolites including cannabinoids, flavones and terpenes. Terpenes are a broad class of organic compounds that give cannabis and other plants its aroma. Previous studies have demonstrated that terpenes may exert anti-inflammatory properties on immune cells. However, it is not known whether terpenes derived from cannabis alone or in combination with the cannabinoid ∆9-THC impacts the function of alveolar macrophages, a specialized pulmonary innate immune cell that is important in host defense against pathogens. Therefore, we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of two commercially-available cannabis terpene mixtures on the function of MH-S cells, a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. MH-S cells were exposed to terpene mixtures at sublethal doses and to the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We measured inflammatory cytokine levels using qRT-PCR and multiplex ELISA, as well as phagocytosis of opsonized IgG-coated beads or mCherry-expressing Escherichia coli via flow cytometry. Neither terpene mixture affected inflammatory cytokine production by MH-S cells in response to LPS. Terpenes increased MH-S cell uptake of opsonized beads but had no effect on phagocytosis of E. coli. Addition of ∆9-THC to terpenes did not potentiate cytotoxicity nor phagocytosis. These results suggest that terpenes from cannabis have minimal impact on the function of alveolar macrophages. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9e8a1905b7524409af7c31f7d5534d8c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-3080 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Toxicology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9e8a1905b7524409af7c31f7d5534d8c2025-01-31T06:40:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Toxicology2673-30802025-01-01610.3389/ftox.2024.15045081504508The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage functionPatrick M. Greiss0Patrick M. Greiss1Patrick M. Greiss2Jacquelyn D. Rich3Jacquelyn D. Rich4Jacquelyn D. Rich5Geoffrey A. McKay6Dao Nguyen7Dao Nguyen8Dao Nguyen9Dao Nguyen10Mark G. Lefsrud11David H. Eidelman12David H. Eidelman13David H. Eidelman14Carolyn J. Baglole15Carolyn J. Baglole16Carolyn J. Baglole17Carolyn J. Baglole18Carolyn J. Baglole19Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, CanadaTranslational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaMeakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, CanadaTranslational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaMeakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, CanadaMeakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, CanadaTranslational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaMeakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, CanadaTranslational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaMeakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, CanadaTranslational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaCannabis sativa (marijuana) is used by millions of people around the world. C. sativa produces hundreds of secondary metabolites including cannabinoids, flavones and terpenes. Terpenes are a broad class of organic compounds that give cannabis and other plants its aroma. Previous studies have demonstrated that terpenes may exert anti-inflammatory properties on immune cells. However, it is not known whether terpenes derived from cannabis alone or in combination with the cannabinoid ∆9-THC impacts the function of alveolar macrophages, a specialized pulmonary innate immune cell that is important in host defense against pathogens. Therefore, we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of two commercially-available cannabis terpene mixtures on the function of MH-S cells, a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. MH-S cells were exposed to terpene mixtures at sublethal doses and to the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We measured inflammatory cytokine levels using qRT-PCR and multiplex ELISA, as well as phagocytosis of opsonized IgG-coated beads or mCherry-expressing Escherichia coli via flow cytometry. Neither terpene mixture affected inflammatory cytokine production by MH-S cells in response to LPS. Terpenes increased MH-S cell uptake of opsonized beads but had no effect on phagocytosis of E. coli. Addition of ∆9-THC to terpenes did not potentiate cytotoxicity nor phagocytosis. These results suggest that terpenes from cannabis have minimal impact on the function of alveolar macrophages.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ftox.2024.1504508/fullcannabisterpenesinflammationphagocytosismacrophages |
| spellingShingle | Patrick M. Greiss Patrick M. Greiss Patrick M. Greiss Jacquelyn D. Rich Jacquelyn D. Rich Jacquelyn D. Rich Geoffrey A. McKay Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Dao Nguyen Mark G. Lefsrud David H. Eidelman David H. Eidelman David H. Eidelman Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole Carolyn J. Baglole The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function Frontiers in Toxicology cannabis terpenes inflammation phagocytosis macrophages |
| title | The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function |
| title_full | The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function |
| title_fullStr | The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function |
| title_short | The effect of cannabis-derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function |
| title_sort | effect of cannabis derived terpenes on alveolar macrophage function |
| topic | cannabis terpenes inflammation phagocytosis macrophages |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ftox.2024.1504508/full |
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