Association of modifiable risk factors and telomere length with five neuroendocrine neoplasms: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Abstract Background  The timely recognition of modifiable risk factors holds paramount importance in tumor prevention. We aimed to scrutinize the causal relationships between a spectrum of genetically modifiable risk factors and five distinct neuroendocrine neoplasms. Methods A bidirectional two-sam...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xujia Li, Lingli Huang, Yue Yan, Yuming Rong, Xuxian Chen, Mengge Gao, Jinsheng Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Discover Oncology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02678-x
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