Engineered bone-targeting apoptotic vesicles as a minimally invasive nanotherapy for heterotopic ossification

Abstract Heterotopic Ossification (HO), refers to pathological extra skeletal bone formation, and there are currently no reliable methods except surgery to reverse these unexpected calcified tissues. Apoptotic vesicles (ApoEVs) are membrane-bound vesicles released by apoptotic cells, which are invol...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Like Tang, Yuchen Wang, Shihua Mao, Zhou Yu, Yitong Chen, Xiaoqiao Xu, Wenjin Cai, Kaichen Lai, Guoli Yang, Tingben Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03431-w
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