Analysis of changes in PCSK9 and TNF-α concentrations in response to physical exercises using virtual reality in patients in the fifth stage of chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

Abstract Background The problem of reduced physical activity in patients with stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is becoming more and more interesting in the medical community. One of the innovative solutions that can significantly increase patients’ motivation to exercise is the integration of ph...

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Main Authors: Agnieszka Turoń-Skrzypińska, Alicja Mińko, Aleksandra Rył, Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska, Maciej Domański, Kazimierz Ciechanowski, Iwona Rotter
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:BMC Nephrology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03917-z
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