Tuberculosis and drug resistance in a region of Southern Italy among native and foreign-born populations: A twelve-year province-based study

Tuberculosis and drug resistance in a region of Southern Italy among native and foreign-born populations: A twelve-year province-based study

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with the World Health Organization (WHO) aiming for a 95% reduction in TB deaths by 2030. Disparities in TB detection persist, particularly regarding gender, immigration status, and resistance patterns. In Calabria, Italy—a key entry p...

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Main Authors: Salvatore Rotundo, Salvatore Nisticò, Helen Linda Morrone, Luigia Gallo, Saveria Dodaro, Carmelo Papola, Pasquale Minchella, Giovanni Matera, Francesca Greco, Luigi Principe, Lorenzo Antonio Surace, Francesco Lucia, Francesca Serapide, Alessandro Russo, Carlo Torti, Enrico Maria Trecarichi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
Subjects:
Migration
Rifampicin
MDR
TB/HIV
Epidemiology
Public health
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579425000038
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Summary:Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with the World Health Organization (WHO) aiming for a 95% reduction in TB deaths by 2030. Disparities in TB detection persist, particularly regarding gender, immigration status, and resistance patterns. In Calabria, Italy—a key entry point for migrants from high-TB-incidence regions—TB poses a notable public health risk. This multicenter, retrospective study examines newly diagnosed TB cases in Calabria from 2012 to 2023, focusing on rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB).During this period, 800 TB cases were diagnosed, with 270 (33.7 %) in native-born Italians and 530 (66.2 %) in foreign-born individuals, showing significant differences in age (p < 0.001) and gender (p = 0.013). Among 685 patients of this cohort with available HIV status, 24 (3.5 %) were people living with HIV (PLWH), primarily from Africa, and diagnosed at higher rates of RR-TB (p < 0.001). TB cases varied by province, correlating with specific birthplaces. A total of 27 (3.4 %) RR-TB cases were identified, with heightened resistance to multiple drugs. Among these strains, 20 (74.1 %) were isoniazid-resistant (MDR-TB).This study underscores the need for comprehensive TB control strategies, especially regarding co-infection with HIV and the emergence of drug-resistant strains, emphasizing the importance of early detection and tailored management in Southern Italy.
ISSN:2405-5794

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