Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review
Abstract Background Congenital malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly in regions with high malaria endemicity. The increased vertical transmission of malaria is partly associated with the high susceptibility of women to malaria during pregnancy. This systemati...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-025-05257-1 |
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| author | Emmanuel Kokori Gbolahan Olatunji Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka Israel Charles Abraham Rosemary Komolafe Victor Oluwatomiwa Ajekiigbe Ntishor Gabriel Udam Stanley Eneh Chidiogo Ezenwoba Adetola Emmanuel Babalola Oluwatobi Omoworare Nicholas Aderinto |
| author_facet | Emmanuel Kokori Gbolahan Olatunji Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka Israel Charles Abraham Rosemary Komolafe Victor Oluwatomiwa Ajekiigbe Ntishor Gabriel Udam Stanley Eneh Chidiogo Ezenwoba Adetola Emmanuel Babalola Oluwatobi Omoworare Nicholas Aderinto |
| author_sort | Emmanuel Kokori |
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| description | Abstract Background Congenital malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly in regions with high malaria endemicity. The increased vertical transmission of malaria is partly associated with the high susceptibility of women to malaria during pregnancy. This systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of congenital malaria in Nigeria. Methods Twelve studies were included in this review. Studies were retrieved from multiple electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Cochrane Library and subjected to a multistage screening per established eligibility criteria. The study was registered with PROSPERO and was conducted per PRSIMA-established guidelines. Quality assessment of included studies was done using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) framework, while a narrative synthesis synthesized and summarized extracted data. Results The prevalence of congenital malaria in Nigeria ranged from as low as 5.1% to as high as 96.3%. Clinical manifestations were often non-specific, with fever being the most common symptom. Treatment regimens included a variety of antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, quinine, and artemisinin-based combination therapy. While treatment outcomes were generally positive, some studies reported complications and deaths. Conclusions The findings highlight the need for improved diagnostic tools, standardized treatment protocols, and targeted interventions in high-burden areas. Further research is required to investigate the long-term health outcomes of neonates with congenital malaria and to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment strategies. By addressing these gaps, effective prevention and management strategies can be developed to reduce the burden of congenital malaria in Nigeria. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-872f98a717e9484f8e71b9ce15deaa4c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-872f98a717e9484f8e71b9ce15deaa4c2025-01-26T12:15:56ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752025-01-0124111110.1186/s12936-025-05257-1Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic reviewEmmanuel Kokori0Gbolahan Olatunji1Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka2Israel Charles Abraham3Rosemary Komolafe4Victor Oluwatomiwa Ajekiigbe5Ntishor Gabriel Udam6Stanley Eneh7Chidiogo Ezenwoba8Adetola Emmanuel Babalola9Oluwatobi Omoworare10Nicholas Aderinto11Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of IlorinDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of IlorinDepartment of Internal Medicine, Asokoro District HospitalDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of IlorinBloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyUniversity of CalabarCommunity Health Department, Obafemi Awolowo UniversityDepartment of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching HospitalFaculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of IbadanDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, Lagos State UniversityDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyAbstract Background Congenital malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly in regions with high malaria endemicity. The increased vertical transmission of malaria is partly associated with the high susceptibility of women to malaria during pregnancy. This systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of congenital malaria in Nigeria. Methods Twelve studies were included in this review. Studies were retrieved from multiple electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Cochrane Library and subjected to a multistage screening per established eligibility criteria. The study was registered with PROSPERO and was conducted per PRSIMA-established guidelines. Quality assessment of included studies was done using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) framework, while a narrative synthesis synthesized and summarized extracted data. Results The prevalence of congenital malaria in Nigeria ranged from as low as 5.1% to as high as 96.3%. Clinical manifestations were often non-specific, with fever being the most common symptom. Treatment regimens included a variety of antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, quinine, and artemisinin-based combination therapy. While treatment outcomes were generally positive, some studies reported complications and deaths. Conclusions The findings highlight the need for improved diagnostic tools, standardized treatment protocols, and targeted interventions in high-burden areas. Further research is required to investigate the long-term health outcomes of neonates with congenital malaria and to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment strategies. By addressing these gaps, effective prevention and management strategies can be developed to reduce the burden of congenital malaria in Nigeria.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-025-05257-1Congenital malariaPrevalenceClinical characteristicsTreatment outcomesNigeria |
| spellingShingle | Emmanuel Kokori Gbolahan Olatunji Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka Israel Charles Abraham Rosemary Komolafe Victor Oluwatomiwa Ajekiigbe Ntishor Gabriel Udam Stanley Eneh Chidiogo Ezenwoba Adetola Emmanuel Babalola Oluwatobi Omoworare Nicholas Aderinto Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review Malaria Journal Congenital malaria Prevalence Clinical characteristics Treatment outcomes Nigeria |
| title | Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review |
| title_full | Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review |
| title_short | Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review |
| title_sort | prevalence characteristics and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in nigeria a systematic review |
| topic | Congenital malaria Prevalence Clinical characteristics Treatment outcomes Nigeria |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-025-05257-1 |
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