Insect frass fertilizer upregulates maize defence genes and resistance against an invasive herbivore pest

Abstract The black soldier fly frass fertilizer (BSFFF) has gained global attention as a multipurpose input for soil fertilization and pest and disease management. However, there are limited studies that have examined its effects on insect pest resistance and the underlying mechanisms. We investigat...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel Munyao Mutyambai, Johnstone Mutiso Mutua, Abdul A. Jalloh, Dennis Beesigamukama, Andre Kessler, Sevgan Subramanian, Thomas Dubois, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14883-3
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