Electric Vehicle Energy Management Under Unknown Disturbances from Undefined Power Demand: Online Co-State Estimation via Reinforcement Learning

Electric Vehicle Energy Management Under Unknown Disturbances from Undefined Power Demand: Online Co-State Estimation via Reinforcement Learning

This paper presents a data-driven energy management scheme for fuel cell and battery electric vehicles, formulated as a constrained optimal control problem. The proposed method employs a co-state network trained using real-time measurements to estimate the control law without requiring prior knowled...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: C. Treesatayapun, A. J. Munoz-Vazquez, S. K. Korkua, B. Srikarun, C. Pochaiya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
energy management system
electric vehicle
co-state optimal control
online data-driven
unknown disturbances
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/15/4062
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