Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin
Many of the exploration and development theories derived for conventional clastic rock reservoirs are not applicable to pore-fracture lacustrine carbonate reservoirs. The fluid flow mechanisms under reservoir conditions are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the rock samples were characterized...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Geofluids |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8328764 |
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| author | Xiangrong Luo Yongxian Zheng Penggang Huang Li’an Yang Xiaodong Chen Xiaojuan Ren Guo Wang Yanzhi Wang Zhiguo Wang Xiaoxiao Li |
| author_facet | Xiangrong Luo Yongxian Zheng Penggang Huang Li’an Yang Xiaodong Chen Xiaojuan Ren Guo Wang Yanzhi Wang Zhiguo Wang Xiaoxiao Li |
| author_sort | Xiangrong Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many of the exploration and development theories derived for conventional clastic rock reservoirs are not applicable to pore-fracture lacustrine carbonate reservoirs. The fluid flow mechanisms under reservoir conditions are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the rock samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), porosity-permeability analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plain thin sections, and casting thin sections. The core samples were classified into two types (fractures and matrix pores) based on their reservoir spaces. The core flow experiments were performed under reservoir conditions using reservoir core plugs. The experimental results demonstrate that the cores, especially the fractured cores, have a strong stress sensitivity. The oil phase flow in the core has the characteristics of non-Darcy flow, and the threshold pressure gradient is 0.01–0.003 MPa/m. Additionally, for the oil-water two-phase flow in the fractured core, the water phase relative permeability of the residual oil is high. In contrast, the water phase relative permeability of the matrix core is less than 0.2. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transverse relaxation time (T2) spectra were used to analyze the differences between the water flooding characteristics of the two pore structures. The experimental results show that the peaks of the T2 spectra after water flooding are lower than those before water flooding, and the matrix cores have a better oil displacement effect. The relaxation time of 0.1–10 ms makes the greatest contribution to the water flooding efficiency. The micropores smaller than 10 μm in diameter play an important role in the water flooding of the matrix core. These results will provide theoretical basis for solving the difficult problems of developing deep lacustrine carbonate reservoirs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-824c51e9dc6c4630bfde6bf43bb0e128 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1468-8123 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geofluids |
| spelling | doaj-art-824c51e9dc6c4630bfde6bf43bb0e1282025-02-03T01:00:46ZengWileyGeofluids1468-81232022-01-01202210.1155/2022/8328764Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam BasinXiangrong Luo0Yongxian Zheng1Penggang Huang2Li’an Yang3Xiaodong Chen4Xiaojuan Ren5Guo Wang6Yanzhi Wang7Zhiguo Wang8Xiaoxiao Li9Engineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Extra-Low Permeability Oil & Gas Reservoirs in West ChinaResearch Institute of Exploration & DevelopmentOil & Gas Technology Research InstituteOil & Gas Technology Research InstituteResearch Institute of Exploration & DevelopmentEngineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Extra-Low Permeability Oil & Gas Reservoirs in West ChinaResearch Institute of Exploration & DevelopmentResearch Institute of Exploration & DevelopmentMechanical Engineering CollegeCollege of Petroleum EngineeringMany of the exploration and development theories derived for conventional clastic rock reservoirs are not applicable to pore-fracture lacustrine carbonate reservoirs. The fluid flow mechanisms under reservoir conditions are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the rock samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), porosity-permeability analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plain thin sections, and casting thin sections. The core samples were classified into two types (fractures and matrix pores) based on their reservoir spaces. The core flow experiments were performed under reservoir conditions using reservoir core plugs. The experimental results demonstrate that the cores, especially the fractured cores, have a strong stress sensitivity. The oil phase flow in the core has the characteristics of non-Darcy flow, and the threshold pressure gradient is 0.01–0.003 MPa/m. Additionally, for the oil-water two-phase flow in the fractured core, the water phase relative permeability of the residual oil is high. In contrast, the water phase relative permeability of the matrix core is less than 0.2. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transverse relaxation time (T2) spectra were used to analyze the differences between the water flooding characteristics of the two pore structures. The experimental results show that the peaks of the T2 spectra after water flooding are lower than those before water flooding, and the matrix cores have a better oil displacement effect. The relaxation time of 0.1–10 ms makes the greatest contribution to the water flooding efficiency. The micropores smaller than 10 μm in diameter play an important role in the water flooding of the matrix core. These results will provide theoretical basis for solving the difficult problems of developing deep lacustrine carbonate reservoirs.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8328764 |
| spellingShingle | Xiangrong Luo Yongxian Zheng Penggang Huang Li’an Yang Xiaodong Chen Xiaojuan Ren Guo Wang Yanzhi Wang Zhiguo Wang Xiaoxiao Li Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin Geofluids |
| title | Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin |
| title_full | Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin |
| title_short | Experimental Study of the Flow Mechanism of Deep Lacustrine Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingxi Area of the Qaidam Basin |
| title_sort | experimental study of the flow mechanism of deep lacustrine carbonate reservoirs in the yingxi area of the qaidam basin |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8328764 |
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