Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies
HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and malaria are 3 major global public health threats that undermine development in many resource-poor settings. Recently, the notion that positive selection during epidemics or longer periods of exposure to common infectious diseases may have had a major effect in modify...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1875217 |
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| author | Gerald Mboowa Ivan Sserwadda Marion Amujal Norah Namatovu |
| author_facet | Gerald Mboowa Ivan Sserwadda Marion Amujal Norah Namatovu |
| author_sort | Gerald Mboowa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and malaria are 3 major global public health threats that undermine development in many resource-poor settings. Recently, the notion that positive selection during epidemics or longer periods of exposure to common infectious diseases may have had a major effect in modifying the constitution of the human genome is being interrogated at a large scale in many populations around the world. This positive selection from infectious diseases increases power to detect associations in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has transformed both the management of infectious diseases and continues to enable large-scale functional characterization of host resistance/susceptibility alleles and loci; a paradigm shift from single candidate gene studies. Application of genome sequencing technologies and genomics has enabled us to interrogate the host-pathogen interface for improving human health. Human populations are constantly locked in evolutionary arms races with pathogens; therefore, identification of common infectious disease-associated genomic variants/markers is important in therapeutic, vaccine development, and screening susceptible individuals in a population. This review describes a range of host-pathogen genomic loci that have been associated with disease susceptibility and resistant patterns in the era of HTS. We further highlight potential opportunities for these genetic markers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7f57bf7a113f4b3fbcd1c9d5c34cd0a5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1712-9532 1918-1493 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-7f57bf7a113f4b3fbcd1c9d5c34cd0a52025-02-03T01:26:26ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology1712-95321918-14932018-01-01201810.1155/2018/18752171875217Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association StudiesGerald Mboowa0Ivan Sserwadda1Marion Amujal2Norah Namatovu3Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, UgandaHIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and malaria are 3 major global public health threats that undermine development in many resource-poor settings. Recently, the notion that positive selection during epidemics or longer periods of exposure to common infectious diseases may have had a major effect in modifying the constitution of the human genome is being interrogated at a large scale in many populations around the world. This positive selection from infectious diseases increases power to detect associations in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has transformed both the management of infectious diseases and continues to enable large-scale functional characterization of host resistance/susceptibility alleles and loci; a paradigm shift from single candidate gene studies. Application of genome sequencing technologies and genomics has enabled us to interrogate the host-pathogen interface for improving human health. Human populations are constantly locked in evolutionary arms races with pathogens; therefore, identification of common infectious disease-associated genomic variants/markers is important in therapeutic, vaccine development, and screening susceptible individuals in a population. This review describes a range of host-pathogen genomic loci that have been associated with disease susceptibility and resistant patterns in the era of HTS. We further highlight potential opportunities for these genetic markers.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1875217 |
| spellingShingle | Gerald Mboowa Ivan Sserwadda Marion Amujal Norah Namatovu Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| title | Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies |
| title_full | Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies |
| title_fullStr | Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies |
| title_short | Human Genomic Loci Important in Common Infectious Diseases: Role of High-Throughput Sequencing and Genome-Wide Association Studies |
| title_sort | human genomic loci important in common infectious diseases role of high throughput sequencing and genome wide association studies |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1875217 |
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