Digit ratio in the common spadefoot toad Pelobates fuscus (Anura: Mesobatrachia: Pelobatidae): patterns and correlations

Digit ratio (DR or 2D:4D), an indicator based on the relative length of the second and fourth digits, has been linked to embryonic sex hormone levels and is regarded as a biomarker for ontogenetic changes and evolutionary traits across species. While DR patterns often display a sex bias, they vary a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M. Frątczak, M. Kaczmarski, Ł. Jankowiak, J. Klessa, K. Bielicki, B. Lyskov, P. Tryjanowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:The European Zoological Journal
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2024.2448276
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