Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter
Abstract We investigate the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition within an extended Standard Model framework that includes one real scalar (Φ) and one complex scalar (S), both of which are SM gauge singlets. The global U(1) symmetry is softly broken to a Z 3 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_3 $$ symmetry by...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2025)078 |
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| author | Dilip Kumar Ghosh Koustav Mukherjee Shourya Mukherjee |
| author_facet | Dilip Kumar Ghosh Koustav Mukherjee Shourya Mukherjee |
| author_sort | Dilip Kumar Ghosh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We investigate the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition within an extended Standard Model framework that includes one real scalar (Φ) and one complex scalar (S), both of which are SM gauge singlets. The global U(1) symmetry is softly broken to a Z 3 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_3 $$ symmetry by the S 3 term in the scalar potential. After this U(1) symmetry breaking, the imaginary component of the complex scalar (S) acts as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) dark matter candidate, naturally stabilized by the Z 2 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_2 $$ symmetry of the scenario. Specially, the spontaneous breaking of the global U(1) symmetry to a discrete Z 3 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_3 $$ subgroup can introduce effective cubic terms in the scalar potential, which facilitates a strong first-order phase transition. We analyze both single-step and multi-step first-order phase transitions, identifying the parameter space that satisfies the dark matter relic density constraints, complies with all relevant experimental constraints, and exhibits a strong first-order electroweak phase transition. The interplay of these criteria significantly restricts the model parameter space, often leading to an underabundant relic density. Moreover, we delve into the gravitational wave signatures associated with this framework, offering valuable insights that complement traditional dark matter direct and indirect detection methods. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7e878ba4b5af45778ee01dd1d2beda52 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-7e878ba4b5af45778ee01dd1d2beda522025-01-19T12:06:51ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-01-012025114210.1007/JHEP01(2025)078Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matterDilip Kumar Ghosh0Koustav Mukherjee1Shourya Mukherjee2School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of ScienceSchool of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of ScienceDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of British ColumbiaAbstract We investigate the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition within an extended Standard Model framework that includes one real scalar (Φ) and one complex scalar (S), both of which are SM gauge singlets. The global U(1) symmetry is softly broken to a Z 3 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_3 $$ symmetry by the S 3 term in the scalar potential. After this U(1) symmetry breaking, the imaginary component of the complex scalar (S) acts as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) dark matter candidate, naturally stabilized by the Z 2 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_2 $$ symmetry of the scenario. Specially, the spontaneous breaking of the global U(1) symmetry to a discrete Z 3 $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_3 $$ subgroup can introduce effective cubic terms in the scalar potential, which facilitates a strong first-order phase transition. We analyze both single-step and multi-step first-order phase transitions, identifying the parameter space that satisfies the dark matter relic density constraints, complies with all relevant experimental constraints, and exhibits a strong first-order electroweak phase transition. The interplay of these criteria significantly restricts the model parameter space, often leading to an underabundant relic density. Moreover, we delve into the gravitational wave signatures associated with this framework, offering valuable insights that complement traditional dark matter direct and indirect detection methods.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2025)078Models for Dark MatterPhase Transitions in the Early UniverseSpecific BSM Phenomenology |
| spellingShingle | Dilip Kumar Ghosh Koustav Mukherjee Shourya Mukherjee Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter Journal of High Energy Physics Models for Dark Matter Phase Transitions in the Early Universe Specific BSM Phenomenology |
| title | Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter |
| title_full | Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter |
| title_fullStr | Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter |
| title_short | Electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pNGB dark matter |
| title_sort | electroweak phase transition in two scalar singlet model with pngb dark matter |
| topic | Models for Dark Matter Phase Transitions in the Early Universe Specific BSM Phenomenology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2025)078 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dilipkumarghosh electroweakphasetransitionintwoscalarsingletmodelwithpngbdarkmatter AT koustavmukherjee electroweakphasetransitionintwoscalarsingletmodelwithpngbdarkmatter AT shouryamukherjee electroweakphasetransitionintwoscalarsingletmodelwithpngbdarkmatter |