The burden and trend prediction of atrial fibrillation and flutter associated with lead exposure: insights from the global burden of disease study 2021

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation and flutter (AF/AFL) are increasingly recognized as major contributors to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence implicates environmental lead exposure as a modifiable risk factor for AF/AFL, yet the global burden and trends of AF/AFL attributa...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lili Deng, Qinhong Li, Hongyan Li, Bin Li, Zugen Cheng, Ying Xiao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1638747/full
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