Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA)
<p>Progressive fracturing contributes to structural degradation of natural rock arches and other freestanding rock landforms. However, methods to detect structural changes arising from fracturing are limited, particularly at sites with difficult access and high cultural value, where non-invasi...
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Copernicus Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Earth Surface Dynamics |
| Online Access: | https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/13/81/2025/esurf-13-81-2025.pdf |
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| author | G. Grechi G. Grechi J. R. Moore M. E. McCreary E. K. Jensen S. Martino |
| author_facet | G. Grechi G. Grechi J. R. Moore M. E. McCreary E. K. Jensen S. Martino |
| author_sort | G. Grechi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Progressive fracturing contributes to structural degradation of natural rock arches and other freestanding rock landforms. However, methods to detect structural changes arising from fracturing are limited, particularly at sites with difficult access and high cultural value, where non-invasive approaches are essential. This study aims to determine how fractures affect the dynamic properties of rock arches, focusing on resonance modes as indicators of structural health conditions. We hypothesize that damage resulting from fracture propagation may influence specific resonance modes that can be identified through ambient vibration modal analysis. We characterized the dynamic properties (i.e., resonance frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes) of Hunter Canyon Arch, Utah (USA), using spectral and cross-correlation analyses of data generated from an array of nodal geophones. Results revealed properties of nine resonance modes with frequencies between 1 and 12 Hz. Experimental data were then compared to numerical models with homogeneous and heterogeneous compositions, the latter implementing weak mechanical zones in areas of mapped fractures. All numerical solutions replicated the first two resonance modes of the arch, indicating these modes are insensitive to structural complexity derived from fractures. Meanwhile, heterogenous models with discrete fracture zones succeeded in matching the frequency and shape of one additional higher mode, indicating this mode is sensitive to the presence of fractures and thus most likely to respond to structural change from fracture propagation. An evolutionary crack damage model was then applied to simulate fracture propagation, confirming that only this higher mode is sensitive to structural damage resulting from fracture growth. While examination of fundamental modes is common practice in structural health monitoring studies, our results suggest that analysis of higher-order resonance modes can be more informative for characterizing fracture-driven structural damage.</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7a09e6d20fdc4782b2084f62ddcb773d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2196-6311 2196-632X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth Surface Dynamics |
| spelling | doaj-art-7a09e6d20fdc4782b2084f62ddcb773d2025-01-22T11:45:14ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth Surface Dynamics2196-63112196-632X2025-01-0113819510.5194/esurf-13-81-2025Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA)G. Grechi0G. Grechi1J. R. Moore2M. E. McCreary3E. K. Jensen4S. Martino5Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112 Utah, USADepartment of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, ItalyDepartment of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112 Utah, USADepartment of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112 Utah, USADepartment of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112 Utah, USADepartment of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy<p>Progressive fracturing contributes to structural degradation of natural rock arches and other freestanding rock landforms. However, methods to detect structural changes arising from fracturing are limited, particularly at sites with difficult access and high cultural value, where non-invasive approaches are essential. This study aims to determine how fractures affect the dynamic properties of rock arches, focusing on resonance modes as indicators of structural health conditions. We hypothesize that damage resulting from fracture propagation may influence specific resonance modes that can be identified through ambient vibration modal analysis. We characterized the dynamic properties (i.e., resonance frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes) of Hunter Canyon Arch, Utah (USA), using spectral and cross-correlation analyses of data generated from an array of nodal geophones. Results revealed properties of nine resonance modes with frequencies between 1 and 12 Hz. Experimental data were then compared to numerical models with homogeneous and heterogeneous compositions, the latter implementing weak mechanical zones in areas of mapped fractures. All numerical solutions replicated the first two resonance modes of the arch, indicating these modes are insensitive to structural complexity derived from fractures. Meanwhile, heterogenous models with discrete fracture zones succeeded in matching the frequency and shape of one additional higher mode, indicating this mode is sensitive to the presence of fractures and thus most likely to respond to structural change from fracture propagation. An evolutionary crack damage model was then applied to simulate fracture propagation, confirming that only this higher mode is sensitive to structural damage resulting from fracture growth. While examination of fundamental modes is common practice in structural health monitoring studies, our results suggest that analysis of higher-order resonance modes can be more informative for characterizing fracture-driven structural damage.</p>https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/13/81/2025/esurf-13-81-2025.pdf |
| spellingShingle | G. Grechi G. Grechi J. R. Moore M. E. McCreary E. K. Jensen S. Martino Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA) Earth Surface Dynamics |
| title | Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA) |
| title_full | Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA) |
| title_fullStr | Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA) |
| title_short | Identifying fracture-controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring: insights from Hunter Canyon Arch (Utah, USA) |
| title_sort | identifying fracture controlled resonance modes for structural health monitoring insights from hunter canyon arch utah usa |
| url | https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/13/81/2025/esurf-13-81-2025.pdf |
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