A Systems Analysis of Reverse Channel Dynamics and Government Subsidies in Sustainable Remanufacturing

Remanufacturing in reverse logistics can not only support sustainable development but also provide a tractable way to achieve carbon neutrality. This study evaluates whether an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) should remanufacture outsource or authorize this reverse channel activity in the pres...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ting Ji, Shaofeng Wang, Xiufen Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Systems
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/7/592
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