Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys
The development of beta titanium alloys with biocompatible elements to replace Al and V is a subject of significant interest in the biomedical industry. This approach aims to enhance biocompatibility and mitigate potential cytotoxic effects associated with traditional alloying elements. In this work...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Derek Manoel Luup Carvalho Deivison Daros Paim Isadora Schramm Deschamps Claudio Aguilar Aloísio Nelmo Klein Francisco Cavilha Neto Guilherme Oliveira Neves Cristiano Binder |
| author_facet | Derek Manoel Luup Carvalho Deivison Daros Paim Isadora Schramm Deschamps Claudio Aguilar Aloísio Nelmo Klein Francisco Cavilha Neto Guilherme Oliveira Neves Cristiano Binder |
| author_sort | Derek Manoel Luup Carvalho |
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| description | The development of beta titanium alloys with biocompatible elements to replace Al and V is a subject of significant interest in the biomedical industry. This approach aims to enhance biocompatibility and mitigate potential cytotoxic effects associated with traditional alloying elements. In this work, Ti–xNb–ySi alloys were produced using powder metallurgy, with x of 35, 40, and 45 wt.%, and y of 0.10, 0.35, and 0.60% wt.%, using a <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> experimental design. Milling was used to mix and disperse the powders, followed by cold pressing, sintering, and heat treatment. Nb was the main element used to stabilize the β phase, and Si was used to form Si precipitates, although Si also exhibits a β-stabilizing effect. It was found that an increase from 0.10 to 0.35 wt.% of Si improved relative density, with no benefits observed at 0.60 wt.% Si. Electron microscopy showed the presence of β phase grains, and grains with β + α intragranular structures and precipitates. Increasing Nb content resulted in a decrease in ultimate tensile strength while increasing Si content from 0.10% to 0.35 wt.% exhibited the opposite effect. |
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| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-77bc8fdc9a3e48b7b0218d292ef16db02025-01-24T13:41:28ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-01-011513410.3390/met15010034Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si AlloysDerek Manoel Luup Carvalho0Deivison Daros Paim1Isadora Schramm Deschamps2Claudio Aguilar3Aloísio Nelmo Klein4Francisco Cavilha Neto5Guilherme Oliveira Neves6Cristiano Binder7Materials Laboratory (LabMat), Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Delfino Conti, S/N, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilMaterials Laboratory (LabMat), Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Delfino Conti, S/N, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilMaterials Laboratory (LabMat), Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Delfino Conti, S/N, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilDepartamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y de Materiales, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, ChileMaterials Laboratory (LabMat), Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Delfino Conti, S/N, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilMaterials Laboratory (LabMat), Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Delfino Conti, S/N, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilDepartamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción 4081112, ChileMaterials Laboratory (LabMat), Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Delfino Conti, S/N, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilThe development of beta titanium alloys with biocompatible elements to replace Al and V is a subject of significant interest in the biomedical industry. This approach aims to enhance biocompatibility and mitigate potential cytotoxic effects associated with traditional alloying elements. In this work, Ti–xNb–ySi alloys were produced using powder metallurgy, with x of 35, 40, and 45 wt.%, and y of 0.10, 0.35, and 0.60% wt.%, using a <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> experimental design. Milling was used to mix and disperse the powders, followed by cold pressing, sintering, and heat treatment. Nb was the main element used to stabilize the β phase, and Si was used to form Si precipitates, although Si also exhibits a β-stabilizing effect. It was found that an increase from 0.10 to 0.35 wt.% of Si improved relative density, with no benefits observed at 0.60 wt.% Si. Electron microscopy showed the presence of β phase grains, and grains with β + α intragranular structures and precipitates. Increasing Nb content resulted in a decrease in ultimate tensile strength while increasing Si content from 0.10% to 0.35 wt.% exhibited the opposite effect.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/1/34titanium alloysbiomaterialselastic moduluspowder metallurgythermodynamics |
| spellingShingle | Derek Manoel Luup Carvalho Deivison Daros Paim Isadora Schramm Deschamps Claudio Aguilar Aloísio Nelmo Klein Francisco Cavilha Neto Guilherme Oliveira Neves Cristiano Binder Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys Metals titanium alloys biomaterials elastic modulus powder metallurgy thermodynamics |
| title | Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys |
| title_full | Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys |
| title_short | Effect of Nb and Si Content on Phase Stability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti–Nb–Si Alloys |
| title_sort | effect of nb and si content on phase stability microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered ti nb si alloys |
| topic | titanium alloys biomaterials elastic modulus powder metallurgy thermodynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/1/34 |
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