Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity
The pyrolytic conversion of domestic sewage sludge (SS) into biochar is a promising method to reduce its large volume and recycle its high-value fuel gas as renewable energy and the use of its chemicals as soil fertilizers. Even though the effects of pyrolysis temperature on energy recovery have bee...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1818241 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832557031957987328 |
|---|---|
| author | Rahma Inès Zoghlami Sarra Hechmi Rihab Weghlani Naceur Jedidi Mohamed Moussa |
| author_facet | Rahma Inès Zoghlami Sarra Hechmi Rihab Weghlani Naceur Jedidi Mohamed Moussa |
| author_sort | Rahma Inès Zoghlami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The pyrolytic conversion of domestic sewage sludge (SS) into biochar is a promising method to reduce its large volume and recycle its high-value fuel gas as renewable energy and the use of its chemicals as soil fertilizers. Even though the effects of pyrolysis temperature on energy recovery have been extensively studied, little information has been found on nutrient recovery and biochar’s phytotoxicity before its reuse as a soil amendment. This study aims to investigate the ideal pyrolysis temperature that guarantees higher fertility levels as well as meeting quality standards for land disposal. Accordingly, air-dried domestic sewage sludge has been pyrolyzed at 260°C (PSS1), at 420°C (PSS2), and at 610°C (PSS3) with a residence time of 20, 40, and 60 minutes, respectively. The raw sewage sludge and the produced biochars have been analyzed to determine their volatile organic matter (VOM), mineral content (MC), nutrients’ level (total nitrogen TN, available phosphorus P, and potassium K), alkalinity (pH), and salinity (electrical conductivity EC and Na). The toxic effect of biochars derived from SS has been evaluated through the analysis of trace metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, and Zn) and their toxicity by measuring root elongation inhibition (REI). As expected, pyrolysis temperature has a significant impact on the biochars’ characteristics. This has been justified by higher VOM, TN, and P in the sewage sludge (SS) and the biochar (PSS1) produced at low temperature (260°C). However, higher pH, EC, Na, and K have been found in the biochars (PSS2 and PSS3) produced at higher temperature (420 and 610°C). The effect of pyrolysis temperature on trace metals concentrations has shown different patterns from one element to another, which indicates lower levels in the biochar (PSS2) produced at 420°C. As a result, the lowest REI has been observed in PSS2 compared to that in SS, PSS1, and PSS3, which highlights that 420°C is the ideal pyrolysis temperature for the safe reuse of SS as a soil amendment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-766dd47e9ff14c0da05613004a35bb6b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9063 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-766dd47e9ff14c0da05613004a35bb6b2025-02-03T05:43:46ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712021-01-01202110.1155/2021/18182411818241Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and PhytotoxicityRahma Inès Zoghlami0Sarra Hechmi1Rihab Weghlani2Naceur Jedidi3Mohamed Moussa4Arid Region Institute, Eremology and Fight Against Desertification Laboratory (LR016IRA01), University of Gabes, Medenine 4119, TunisiaWater Research and Technology Center, University of Carthage, P.O. Box 273, Soliman 8020, TunisiaArid Region Institute, Eremology and Fight Against Desertification Laboratory (LR016IRA01), University of Gabes, Medenine 4119, TunisiaWater Research and Technology Center, University of Carthage, P.O. Box 273, Soliman 8020, TunisiaArid Region Institute, Eremology and Fight Against Desertification Laboratory (LR016IRA01), University of Gabes, Medenine 4119, TunisiaThe pyrolytic conversion of domestic sewage sludge (SS) into biochar is a promising method to reduce its large volume and recycle its high-value fuel gas as renewable energy and the use of its chemicals as soil fertilizers. Even though the effects of pyrolysis temperature on energy recovery have been extensively studied, little information has been found on nutrient recovery and biochar’s phytotoxicity before its reuse as a soil amendment. This study aims to investigate the ideal pyrolysis temperature that guarantees higher fertility levels as well as meeting quality standards for land disposal. Accordingly, air-dried domestic sewage sludge has been pyrolyzed at 260°C (PSS1), at 420°C (PSS2), and at 610°C (PSS3) with a residence time of 20, 40, and 60 minutes, respectively. The raw sewage sludge and the produced biochars have been analyzed to determine their volatile organic matter (VOM), mineral content (MC), nutrients’ level (total nitrogen TN, available phosphorus P, and potassium K), alkalinity (pH), and salinity (electrical conductivity EC and Na). The toxic effect of biochars derived from SS has been evaluated through the analysis of trace metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, and Zn) and their toxicity by measuring root elongation inhibition (REI). As expected, pyrolysis temperature has a significant impact on the biochars’ characteristics. This has been justified by higher VOM, TN, and P in the sewage sludge (SS) and the biochar (PSS1) produced at low temperature (260°C). However, higher pH, EC, Na, and K have been found in the biochars (PSS2 and PSS3) produced at higher temperature (420 and 610°C). The effect of pyrolysis temperature on trace metals concentrations has shown different patterns from one element to another, which indicates lower levels in the biochar (PSS2) produced at 420°C. As a result, the lowest REI has been observed in PSS2 compared to that in SS, PSS1, and PSS3, which highlights that 420°C is the ideal pyrolysis temperature for the safe reuse of SS as a soil amendment.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1818241 |
| spellingShingle | Rahma Inès Zoghlami Sarra Hechmi Rihab Weghlani Naceur Jedidi Mohamed Moussa Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity |
| title_full | Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity |
| title_fullStr | Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity |
| title_short | Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity |
| title_sort | biochar derived from domestic sewage sludge influence of temperature pyrolysis on biochars chemical properties and phytotoxicity |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1818241 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rahmaineszoghlami biocharderivedfromdomesticsewagesludgeinfluenceoftemperaturepyrolysisonbiocharschemicalpropertiesandphytotoxicity AT sarrahechmi biocharderivedfromdomesticsewagesludgeinfluenceoftemperaturepyrolysisonbiocharschemicalpropertiesandphytotoxicity AT rihabweghlani biocharderivedfromdomesticsewagesludgeinfluenceoftemperaturepyrolysisonbiocharschemicalpropertiesandphytotoxicity AT naceurjedidi biocharderivedfromdomesticsewagesludgeinfluenceoftemperaturepyrolysisonbiocharschemicalpropertiesandphytotoxicity AT mohamedmoussa biocharderivedfromdomesticsewagesludgeinfluenceoftemperaturepyrolysisonbiocharschemicalpropertiesandphytotoxicity |