Analyzing cropland fragmentation evolution and driving mechanisms in Shandong through MSPA and landscape metrics integration

Abstract As the foundational and core resource for agricultural development, arable land plays a critical role in optimizing regional agricultural resource allocation and ensuring food security. This study employs Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and the Landscape Pattern Index (LPI) to...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tianwei Zhang, Wei Li, Zengfeng Zhao, Meizhen Bi, Yi Zheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05964-4
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