Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems
On the occasion of building fires, the risk of smoke, which adversely influences escape conditions, must be minimised. One way to reduce the risk is, for example, to pressurise the escape route in order to limit the infiltration of smoke. Careful determination of the design parameters of the pressur...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Fire |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/1/5 |
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| author | István Mihály László Bérczi Balázs Bognár Maxim Kátai-Urbán Levente Tóth Lajos Kátai-Urbán Gyula Vass Ferenc Varga |
| author_facet | István Mihály László Bérczi Balázs Bognár Maxim Kátai-Urbán Levente Tóth Lajos Kátai-Urbán Gyula Vass Ferenc Varga |
| author_sort | István Mihály |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | On the occasion of building fires, the risk of smoke, which adversely influences escape conditions, must be minimised. One way to reduce the risk is, for example, to pressurise the escape route in order to limit the infiltration of smoke. Careful determination of the design parameters of the pressurisation system is of great importance. This study will propose a new leakage area for single-leaf smoke control doors based on the analysis of the leakage area of the doors in the EN 12101-13 standard, estimating the leakage rate through closed doors. This value is half the currently recommended value, regardless of the opening direction. The determination of the leakage area is supported by measurements in pressurised smoke-free lobbies with single-leaf smoke control doors opening into and outwards from a pressurised space. The measurements are performed using the fans of the lobbies’ pressurisation systems to provide the required air volume. The suitability of this method has also been tested using blower door assembly measurements. The newly proposed leakage area takes into account the increased air tightness of the smoke control doors, thereby ensuring that the optimum air volume to be supplied by the pressurisation system can be determined. The results of this research suggest an appropriate leakage area value for designers when using the calculation method proposed by the applicability of the investigated standard. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-75c5dd71862f40f2b32b55e9bb1465e8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2571-6255 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fire |
| spelling | doaj-art-75c5dd71862f40f2b32b55e9bb1465e82025-01-24T13:32:15ZengMDPI AGFire2571-62552024-12-0181510.3390/fire8010005Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential SystemsIstván Mihály0László Bérczi1Balázs Bognár2Maxim Kátai-Urbán3Levente Tóth4Lajos Kátai-Urbán5Gyula Vass6Ferenc Varga7Brandplan Kft., Szlovák út 74, 1162 Budapest, HungaryDoctoral School of Military Engineering, Faculty of Military Science and Officer Training, Ludovika University of Public Service, Hungária Körút 9-11, 1101 Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Law Enforcement, Ludovika University of Public Service, Hungária Körút 9-11, 1101 Budapest, HungaryDirectorate of Safety Engineering, Semmelweis University, Illés Utca 15, 1083 Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Law Enforcement, Ludovika University of Public Service, Hungária Körút 9-11, 1101 Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Law Enforcement, Ludovika University of Public Service, Hungária Körút 9-11, 1101 Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Law Enforcement, Ludovika University of Public Service, Hungária Körút 9-11, 1101 Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Law Enforcement, Ludovika University of Public Service, Hungária Körút 9-11, 1101 Budapest, HungaryOn the occasion of building fires, the risk of smoke, which adversely influences escape conditions, must be minimised. One way to reduce the risk is, for example, to pressurise the escape route in order to limit the infiltration of smoke. Careful determination of the design parameters of the pressurisation system is of great importance. This study will propose a new leakage area for single-leaf smoke control doors based on the analysis of the leakage area of the doors in the EN 12101-13 standard, estimating the leakage rate through closed doors. This value is half the currently recommended value, regardless of the opening direction. The determination of the leakage area is supported by measurements in pressurised smoke-free lobbies with single-leaf smoke control doors opening into and outwards from a pressurised space. The measurements are performed using the fans of the lobbies’ pressurisation systems to provide the required air volume. The suitability of this method has also been tested using blower door assembly measurements. The newly proposed leakage area takes into account the increased air tightness of the smoke control doors, thereby ensuring that the optimum air volume to be supplied by the pressurisation system can be determined. The results of this research suggest an appropriate leakage area value for designers when using the calculation method proposed by the applicability of the investigated standard.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/1/5pressurization systemsmoke controlpressure differential systemleakage areasmoke control door |
| spellingShingle | István Mihály László Bérczi Balázs Bognár Maxim Kátai-Urbán Levente Tóth Lajos Kátai-Urbán Gyula Vass Ferenc Varga Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems Fire pressurization system smoke control pressure differential system leakage area smoke control door |
| title | Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems |
| title_full | Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems |
| title_short | Experimental Study to Determine the Leakage Area of Single-Leaf Smoke Control Doors in the Design of Pressure Differential Systems |
| title_sort | experimental study to determine the leakage area of single leaf smoke control doors in the design of pressure differential systems |
| topic | pressurization system smoke control pressure differential system leakage area smoke control door |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/1/5 |
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