Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata
In order to investigate the combined toxicity of compound contaminated azole fungicides on alage. Systematic investigation of Difenoconazole, Penconazole, Metconazole, Tetraconazole, Flutriafol, Fuberidazole, Triflumizole, Terrazole, HyMexazol, 9 azole fungicides as the components of the mixture. Th...
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EDP Sciences
2025-01-01
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| Series: | E3S Web of Conferences |
| Online Access: | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2025/03/e3sconf_isgst2024_04009.pdf |
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| author | Huang Yongxiang Guo Dijie Qin Litang |
| author_facet | Huang Yongxiang Guo Dijie Qin Litang |
| author_sort | Huang Yongxiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to investigate the combined toxicity of compound contaminated azole fungicides on alage. Systematic investigation of Difenoconazole, Penconazole, Metconazole, Tetraconazole, Flutriafol, Fuberidazole, Triflumizole, Terrazole, HyMexazol, 9 azole fungicides as the components of the mixture. Thirty-five binary mixture systems with 173 mixture rays were designed by direct equipartition ray method. The growth inhibition toxicity of binary mixtures to Raphidocelis subcapitata was determined by 96-well microplates. Toxic interactions were qualitatively analyzed by Concentration addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) models. Model Deviation Ratio (MDR) was used to quantitatively evaluate the toxic interaction of binary mixtures of azole fungicides, as well as the equivalent graph method, Toxic Unit (TU) method, additivity Index method (AI), Toxicity Index (MTI) and Combination Index (CI) methods were used to analyze the combined toxicity and toxic interaction of the mixture. The results showed that the frequency of synergistic effect was higher when mixed with Difenoconazole, Penconazole and Triflumizole, and the binary mixing with Flutriafol, Fuberidazole and Metconazole could reduce the toxicity of the mixture, showing additive and antagonistic effects. The toxicity of the mixture ranged from 3.053 to 6.415. In addition, at ambient concentrations, the mixture interaction is dominated by addition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6fd0438c8c9849a2a7fe94a6e6d40b40 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2267-1242 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | E3S Web of Conferences |
| spelling | doaj-art-6fd0438c8c9849a2a7fe94a6e6d40b402025-02-05T10:47:34ZengEDP SciencesE3S Web of Conferences2267-12422025-01-016030400910.1051/e3sconf/202560304009e3sconf_isgst2024_04009Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitataHuang Yongxiang0Guo Dijie1Qin Litang2College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of TechnologyCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of TechnologyCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of TechnologyIn order to investigate the combined toxicity of compound contaminated azole fungicides on alage. Systematic investigation of Difenoconazole, Penconazole, Metconazole, Tetraconazole, Flutriafol, Fuberidazole, Triflumizole, Terrazole, HyMexazol, 9 azole fungicides as the components of the mixture. Thirty-five binary mixture systems with 173 mixture rays were designed by direct equipartition ray method. The growth inhibition toxicity of binary mixtures to Raphidocelis subcapitata was determined by 96-well microplates. Toxic interactions were qualitatively analyzed by Concentration addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) models. Model Deviation Ratio (MDR) was used to quantitatively evaluate the toxic interaction of binary mixtures of azole fungicides, as well as the equivalent graph method, Toxic Unit (TU) method, additivity Index method (AI), Toxicity Index (MTI) and Combination Index (CI) methods were used to analyze the combined toxicity and toxic interaction of the mixture. The results showed that the frequency of synergistic effect was higher when mixed with Difenoconazole, Penconazole and Triflumizole, and the binary mixing with Flutriafol, Fuberidazole and Metconazole could reduce the toxicity of the mixture, showing additive and antagonistic effects. The toxicity of the mixture ranged from 3.053 to 6.415. In addition, at ambient concentrations, the mixture interaction is dominated by addition.https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2025/03/e3sconf_isgst2024_04009.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Huang Yongxiang Guo Dijie Qin Litang Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata E3S Web of Conferences |
| title | Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata |
| title_full | Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata |
| title_short | Evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to Raphidocelis subcapitata |
| title_sort | evaluation of the combined toxicity of compound pollutants of azole fungicides to raphidocelis subcapitata |
| url | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2025/03/e3sconf_isgst2024_04009.pdf |
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