Optimization of the production of grade A liquid smoke from Patchouli solid residue using a distillation-adsorption process
Patchouli cultivation in Lhokseumawe, Aceh Province, produces a significant amount of biomass, with approximately 96%–98.5% of the raw material ending up as solid residue after the oil distillation process. This waste is often discarded or burned, leading to environmental problems. However, this res...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
AIMS Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | AIMS Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/environsci.2025005 |
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