The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses
Introduction: Overweight and obesity are prevalent worldwide and hence it can be considered as a global epidemic. Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are suggested to decrease energy intake and prevent obesity, however, the results of meta-analyses are inconsistent. Therefore, this umbrella meta-analyses wa...
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| Format: | Article |
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Tabriz: Hamid Allahverdipour, 2024-
2024-07-01
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| Series: | BioSocial Health Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://biosocialhealthjournal.com/PDF/bshj-1-74.pdf |
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| author | Fatemeh Hamedi-Kalajahi Sanaz Asemani Kousalya Prabahar Neda Jourabchi-Ghadim Alireza Ostadrahimi |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Hamedi-Kalajahi Sanaz Asemani Kousalya Prabahar Neda Jourabchi-Ghadim Alireza Ostadrahimi |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Hamedi-Kalajahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Overweight and obesity are prevalent worldwide and hence it can be considered as a global epidemic. Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are suggested to decrease energy intake and prevent obesity, however, the results of meta-analyses are inconsistent. Therefore, this umbrella meta-analyses was conducted to resolve these discrepancies and offer definitive evidence on the impact of ASs on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and energy intake. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception up to March 2023. Meta-analyses studies investigating the effect/association of AS on/with BW, BMI, and energy intake were included. Random-effects model was used for performing a meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were carried out based on various independent variables. The quality of the included meta-analyses was evaluated using the AMSTAR2 questionnaire. Results: In this umbrella review, 12 meta-analyses were included. The findings from the umbrella meta-analysis of interventional studies showed that AS consumption significantly reduced BW according to standardized mean difference (SMD) analysis (ES=-0.38; 95% CI: -0.56, -0.20, P≤0.001), but not when using the weighted mean difference (WMD) (ES=-0.45; 95% CI: -1.15, 0.24, P=0.20). Also, AS did not affect the energy intake (ES=-0.28; 95% CI: -1.15, 0.59, P=0.59) based on WMD. However, AS significantly reduced BMI (ES=-0.28; 95% CI: -0.40, -0.15, P≤0.001) based on WMD analysis. Conversely, the umbrella meta-analysis of observational studies found that consuming ASs was associated with a 61% augmented risk of obesity and overweight. (ES=1.61; 95% CI: 1.36,1.87, P≤0.001). Conclusion: Despite observational studies, interventional studies show the benefits of ASs consumption. Future studies should be conducted focusing on the dose, types, and formulations of ASs, and more importantly, short-term and long-term consumption of ASs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6dd0ddfe7fb849e48f72d6f2c129d754 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 3060-6268 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | Tabriz: Hamid Allahverdipour, 2024- |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioSocial Health Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-6dd0ddfe7fb849e48f72d6f2c129d7542025-02-06T10:33:12ZengTabriz: Hamid Allahverdipour, 2024-BioSocial Health Journal3060-62682024-07-0112748310.34172/bshj.22bshj-22The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analysesFatemeh Hamedi-Kalajahi0Sanaz Asemani1Kousalya Prabahar2Neda Jourabchi-Ghadim3Alireza Ostadrahimi4Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranNutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranIntroduction: Overweight and obesity are prevalent worldwide and hence it can be considered as a global epidemic. Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are suggested to decrease energy intake and prevent obesity, however, the results of meta-analyses are inconsistent. Therefore, this umbrella meta-analyses was conducted to resolve these discrepancies and offer definitive evidence on the impact of ASs on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and energy intake. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception up to March 2023. Meta-analyses studies investigating the effect/association of AS on/with BW, BMI, and energy intake were included. Random-effects model was used for performing a meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were carried out based on various independent variables. The quality of the included meta-analyses was evaluated using the AMSTAR2 questionnaire. Results: In this umbrella review, 12 meta-analyses were included. The findings from the umbrella meta-analysis of interventional studies showed that AS consumption significantly reduced BW according to standardized mean difference (SMD) analysis (ES=-0.38; 95% CI: -0.56, -0.20, P≤0.001), but not when using the weighted mean difference (WMD) (ES=-0.45; 95% CI: -1.15, 0.24, P=0.20). Also, AS did not affect the energy intake (ES=-0.28; 95% CI: -1.15, 0.59, P=0.59) based on WMD. However, AS significantly reduced BMI (ES=-0.28; 95% CI: -0.40, -0.15, P≤0.001) based on WMD analysis. Conversely, the umbrella meta-analysis of observational studies found that consuming ASs was associated with a 61% augmented risk of obesity and overweight. (ES=1.61; 95% CI: 1.36,1.87, P≤0.001). Conclusion: Despite observational studies, interventional studies show the benefits of ASs consumption. Future studies should be conducted focusing on the dose, types, and formulations of ASs, and more importantly, short-term and long-term consumption of ASs.https://biosocialhealthjournal.com/PDF/bshj-1-74.pdfsweetening agentsbody weightenergy intakemeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Hamedi-Kalajahi Sanaz Asemani Kousalya Prabahar Neda Jourabchi-Ghadim Alireza Ostadrahimi The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses BioSocial Health Journal sweetening agents body weight energy intake meta-analysis |
| title | The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses |
| title_full | The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses |
| title_fullStr | The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses |
| title_short | The effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, body fat, and energy intake: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses |
| title_sort | effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight body fat and energy intake a meta analysis of meta analyses |
| topic | sweetening agents body weight energy intake meta-analysis |
| url | https://biosocialhealthjournal.com/PDF/bshj-1-74.pdf |
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