Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection
Abstract Background There are mixed findings in the literature regarding the association between HIV status and the risk of COVID-19 infection. Thus, we aimed to estimate the association between characteristics of HIV infection and the risk of COVID-19 Infection in a Chinese sample. Methods We condu...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21400-8 |
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| author | Jianhui Yang Esben Strodl Dandan Zhang Haibo Jiang Kun Chu Shiwen Tan Zehao Ye Hongbo Shi Feng Tong Weiqing Chen |
| author_facet | Jianhui Yang Esben Strodl Dandan Zhang Haibo Jiang Kun Chu Shiwen Tan Zehao Ye Hongbo Shi Feng Tong Weiqing Chen |
| author_sort | Jianhui Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background There are mixed findings in the literature regarding the association between HIV status and the risk of COVID-19 infection. Thus, we aimed to estimate the association between characteristics of HIV infection and the risk of COVID-19 Infection in a Chinese sample. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1995 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 3503 HIV-negative adults in Ningbo, China. We compared the prevalence rates of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time (more than 2 weeks) among PLWH and HIV-negative participants, respectively. In addition, we explored the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time among the two groups. Results Overall, 1485/1995 (74.4%) PLWH and 2864/3503 (81.8%) HIV-negative people were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Among the SARS-CoV-2-infected participants, 437/1485 (29.4%) PLWH and 649/2864 (22.7%) HIV-negative people had the long nucleic acid conversion time. After controlling for the potential confounders, the rate of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower among the PLWH than the HIV-negative group (adjusted OR = 0.836, 95% CI = 0.706–0.990). However, PLWH had a significantly higher risk of the long nucleic acid conversion time after the SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted OR = 1.417, 95% CI = 1.176–1.707) than the HIV negative participants. Compared with those who did not receive ART, PLWH adults who received ART significantly had the increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, HIV-negative participants receiving COVID-19 vaccines significantly displayed the decreased likelihood of the long nucleic acid conversion time after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions Our study indicates that different HIV Infection status was significantly and differently associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time. However, the further studies are needed to confirm the effect of ART and COVID-19 vaccines on SARS-CoV-2 infection in PLWH. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6d4cc868c797480aab6f77a06bb3f579 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-6d4cc868c797480aab6f77a06bb3f5792025-02-02T12:46:31ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111410.1186/s12889-025-21400-8Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infectionJianhui Yang0Esben Strodl1Dandan Zhang2Haibo Jiang3Kun Chu4Shiwen Tan5Zehao Ye6Hongbo Shi7Feng Tong8Weiqing Chen9Ningbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionSchool of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of TechnologyNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionNingbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen UniversityAbstract Background There are mixed findings in the literature regarding the association between HIV status and the risk of COVID-19 infection. Thus, we aimed to estimate the association between characteristics of HIV infection and the risk of COVID-19 Infection in a Chinese sample. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1995 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 3503 HIV-negative adults in Ningbo, China. We compared the prevalence rates of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time (more than 2 weeks) among PLWH and HIV-negative participants, respectively. In addition, we explored the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time among the two groups. Results Overall, 1485/1995 (74.4%) PLWH and 2864/3503 (81.8%) HIV-negative people were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Among the SARS-CoV-2-infected participants, 437/1485 (29.4%) PLWH and 649/2864 (22.7%) HIV-negative people had the long nucleic acid conversion time. After controlling for the potential confounders, the rate of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower among the PLWH than the HIV-negative group (adjusted OR = 0.836, 95% CI = 0.706–0.990). However, PLWH had a significantly higher risk of the long nucleic acid conversion time after the SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted OR = 1.417, 95% CI = 1.176–1.707) than the HIV negative participants. Compared with those who did not receive ART, PLWH adults who received ART significantly had the increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, HIV-negative participants receiving COVID-19 vaccines significantly displayed the decreased likelihood of the long nucleic acid conversion time after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions Our study indicates that different HIV Infection status was significantly and differently associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time. However, the further studies are needed to confirm the effect of ART and COVID-19 vaccines on SARS-CoV-2 infection in PLWH.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21400-8HIVSARS-CoV-2OmicronARTCOVID-19 vaccinesThe long nucleic acid conversion time |
| spellingShingle | Jianhui Yang Esben Strodl Dandan Zhang Haibo Jiang Kun Chu Shiwen Tan Zehao Ye Hongbo Shi Feng Tong Weiqing Chen Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection BMC Public Health HIV SARS-CoV-2 Omicron ART COVID-19 vaccines The long nucleic acid conversion time |
| title | Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection |
| title_full | Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection |
| title_fullStr | Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection |
| title_short | Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection |
| title_sort | difference of sars cov 2 infection and influence factors between people with and without hiv infection |
| topic | HIV SARS-CoV-2 Omicron ART COVID-19 vaccines The long nucleic acid conversion time |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21400-8 |
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