3D bioprinting of engineered exosomes secreted from M2-polarized macrophages through immunomodulatory biomaterial promotes in vivo wound healing and angiogenesis
Biomaterial composition and surface charge play a critical role in macrophage polarization, providing a molecular cue for immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed bifunctional hydrogel inks for accelerating M2 macrophage polarization and exosome (Exo) cultivation for wou...
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-03-01
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Series: | Bioactive Materials |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24005176 |
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