Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study

Abstract Background Recent studies suggest a link between dietary fat quality and obesity. Genetic risk scores (GRS) can predict obesity risk based on genetic factors. This study investigates how GRS and fatty acid quality affect visceral adiposity index (VAI) and body adiposity index (BAI) in overw...

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Main Authors: Niloufar Rasaei, Atefeh Tavakoli, Saba Mohammadpour, Mehdi Karimi, Alireza Khadem, Azam Mohamadi, Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi, Fatemeh Gholami, Khadijeh Mirzaei
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Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:BMC Nutrition
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00953-8
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author Niloufar Rasaei
Atefeh Tavakoli
Saba Mohammadpour
Mehdi Karimi
Alireza Khadem
Azam Mohamadi
Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi
Fatemeh Gholami
Khadijeh Mirzaei
author_facet Niloufar Rasaei
Atefeh Tavakoli
Saba Mohammadpour
Mehdi Karimi
Alireza Khadem
Azam Mohamadi
Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi
Fatemeh Gholami
Khadijeh Mirzaei
author_sort Niloufar Rasaei
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Recent studies suggest a link between dietary fat quality and obesity. Genetic risk scores (GRS) can predict obesity risk based on genetic factors. This study investigates how GRS and fatty acid quality affect visceral adiposity index (VAI) and body adiposity index (BAI) in overweight and obese women. Methods In this study, 278 overweight and obese women (aged 18–58) participated. We have used a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to evaluate dietary intake and the fatty acids quality indexes. We have employed standard methods to measure biochemical factors, anthropometrics, and physical activity levels. Finally, the GRS was created by combining three SNPs [CAV-1 (rs3807992), Cry-1 (rs2287161), and MC4R (rs17782313)]. Results The study found that there was no significant association between the quality of fat intake (as measured by CSI score and N6/N3 score) and VAI or BAI in both crude (B = 70.70, SE = 35.14, CI:1.81-139.55, P = 0.04) and adjusted models (B = 93.67, SE = 39.28, CI:16.68–17.68, P = 0.01). CSI provides information on cholesterol and saturated fats. However, there was a notable interaction between the GRS and the N6/N3 score on VAI, suggesting that obese women with high obesity-related SNPs who consumed foods with a higher ratio of N6/N3 fatty acids tended to have an increased VAI. Conclusion This study shows; that eating more food sources containing a higher ratio of N6/N3 may be the reason for the increase in VAI in obese women who have high obesity-related SNPs and emphasizes the matter of personalized nutrition in obesity issues.
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spelling doaj-art-6b470ba7846a46e08e8882414821da8f2025-02-02T12:12:19ZengBMCBMC Nutrition2055-09282025-01-0111111210.1186/s40795-024-00953-8Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score studyNiloufar Rasaei0Atefeh Tavakoli1Saba Mohammadpour2Mehdi Karimi3Alireza Khadem4Azam Mohamadi5Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi6Fatemeh Gholami7Khadijeh Mirzaei8Micronutrient Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Recent studies suggest a link between dietary fat quality and obesity. Genetic risk scores (GRS) can predict obesity risk based on genetic factors. This study investigates how GRS and fatty acid quality affect visceral adiposity index (VAI) and body adiposity index (BAI) in overweight and obese women. Methods In this study, 278 overweight and obese women (aged 18–58) participated. We have used a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to evaluate dietary intake and the fatty acids quality indexes. We have employed standard methods to measure biochemical factors, anthropometrics, and physical activity levels. Finally, the GRS was created by combining three SNPs [CAV-1 (rs3807992), Cry-1 (rs2287161), and MC4R (rs17782313)]. Results The study found that there was no significant association between the quality of fat intake (as measured by CSI score and N6/N3 score) and VAI or BAI in both crude (B = 70.70, SE = 35.14, CI:1.81-139.55, P = 0.04) and adjusted models (B = 93.67, SE = 39.28, CI:16.68–17.68, P = 0.01). CSI provides information on cholesterol and saturated fats. However, there was a notable interaction between the GRS and the N6/N3 score on VAI, suggesting that obese women with high obesity-related SNPs who consumed foods with a higher ratio of N6/N3 fatty acids tended to have an increased VAI. Conclusion This study shows; that eating more food sources containing a higher ratio of N6/N3 may be the reason for the increase in VAI in obese women who have high obesity-related SNPs and emphasizes the matter of personalized nutrition in obesity issues.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00953-8Genetics risk scoreVisceral adiposity indexLipidsWomenObesity
spellingShingle Niloufar Rasaei
Atefeh Tavakoli
Saba Mohammadpour
Mehdi Karimi
Alireza Khadem
Azam Mohamadi
Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi
Fatemeh Gholami
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study
BMC Nutrition
Genetics risk score
Visceral adiposity index
Lipids
Women
Obesity
title Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study
title_full Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study
title_fullStr Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study
title_short Exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall Fat levels in overweight and obese women: a genetic risk score study
title_sort exploring the impact of genetic factors and fatty acid quality on visceral and overall fat levels in overweight and obese women a genetic risk score study
topic Genetics risk score
Visceral adiposity index
Lipids
Women
Obesity
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00953-8
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