Analysis of Acoustic Emission Waveforms by Wavelet Packet Transform for the Detection of Crack Initiation Due to Fretting Fatigue in Solid Railway Axles

Railway axles are among the most safety-critical components in rolling stock, as their failure can lead to catastrophic consequences. One of the most subtle damage mechanisms affecting these components is fretting fatigue, which is a particularly challenging damage mechanism in these components, as...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Marta Zamorano, María Jesús Gómez, Cristina Castejon, Michele Carboni
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8435
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