Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures
At very low temperatures, typically ductile materials, especially body-centered cubic (BCC) steels, often exhibit an abrupt transition to brittle fracture, significantly limiting their applicability in cryogenic and low-temperature environments. This challenge arises from the inherent properties of...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Crystals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/1/69 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832588769719484416 |
|---|---|
| author | Minha Park Gang Ho Lee Byoungkoo Kim Sanghoon Noh Jong Bae Jeon Changwoo Lee Byung Jun Kim |
| author_facet | Minha Park Gang Ho Lee Byoungkoo Kim Sanghoon Noh Jong Bae Jeon Changwoo Lee Byung Jun Kim |
| author_sort | Minha Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | At very low temperatures, typically ductile materials, especially body-centered cubic (BCC) steels, often exhibit an abrupt transition to brittle fracture, significantly limiting their applicability in cryogenic and low-temperature environments. This challenge arises from the inherent properties of BCC steels, where ductility is drastically reduced, leading to unexpected failures under mechanical stress. Despite the advantages of high-strength BCC steels, including cost-effectiveness and mechanical robustness, their susceptibility to brittle fracture restricts their use in demanding low-temperature applications. To address this limitation, we developed an innovative surface-cracking process to enhance the impact toughness of BCC steels. The introduction of controlled surface cracks redistributes stress and energy dissipation mechanisms, improving the toughness of high-strength BCC steels at cryogenic temperatures. Microscopic observations and finite element analyses reveal that these surface cracks not only dissipate crack formation energy but also alter stress triaxiality at crack tips. This causes the stress state to transition toward a plane stress condition, effectively mitigating stress concentrations typically observed in plane strain states. By reducing localized stress severity and promoting uniform energy distribution, the surface cracks encourage failure mechanisms favoring ductile behavior over brittle fracture. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6058fa3c04fd4770946f81da8fb18a3b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj-art-6058fa3c04fd4770946f81da8fb18a3b2025-01-24T13:28:11ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-01-011516910.3390/cryst15010069Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low TemperaturesMinha Park0Gang Ho Lee1Byoungkoo Kim2Sanghoon Noh3Jong Bae Jeon4Changwoo Lee5Byung Jun Kim6Energy System Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan 46938, Republic of KoreaEnergy System Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan 46938, Republic of KoreaEnergy System Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan 46938, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of KoreaSteel Pipe Technology Center, Pohang Institute of Metal Industry Advancement, Pohang 37666, Republic of KoreaEnergy System Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan 46938, Republic of KoreaAt very low temperatures, typically ductile materials, especially body-centered cubic (BCC) steels, often exhibit an abrupt transition to brittle fracture, significantly limiting their applicability in cryogenic and low-temperature environments. This challenge arises from the inherent properties of BCC steels, where ductility is drastically reduced, leading to unexpected failures under mechanical stress. Despite the advantages of high-strength BCC steels, including cost-effectiveness and mechanical robustness, their susceptibility to brittle fracture restricts their use in demanding low-temperature applications. To address this limitation, we developed an innovative surface-cracking process to enhance the impact toughness of BCC steels. The introduction of controlled surface cracks redistributes stress and energy dissipation mechanisms, improving the toughness of high-strength BCC steels at cryogenic temperatures. Microscopic observations and finite element analyses reveal that these surface cracks not only dissipate crack formation energy but also alter stress triaxiality at crack tips. This causes the stress state to transition toward a plane stress condition, effectively mitigating stress concentrations typically observed in plane strain states. By reducing localized stress severity and promoting uniform energy distribution, the surface cracks encourage failure mechanisms favoring ductile behavior over brittle fracture.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/1/69high-strength steelssurface-cracking processimpact toughnesslow temperaturebody-centered cubic (BCC) steels |
| spellingShingle | Minha Park Gang Ho Lee Byoungkoo Kim Sanghoon Noh Jong Bae Jeon Changwoo Lee Byung Jun Kim Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures Crystals high-strength steels surface-cracking process impact toughness low temperature body-centered cubic (BCC) steels |
| title | Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures |
| title_full | Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures |
| title_fullStr | Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures |
| title_short | Application of Surface-Cracking Process to Improve Impact Toughness of High-Strength BCC Steel at Low Temperatures |
| title_sort | application of surface cracking process to improve impact toughness of high strength bcc steel at low temperatures |
| topic | high-strength steels surface-cracking process impact toughness low temperature body-centered cubic (BCC) steels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/1/69 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT minhapark applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures AT gangholee applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures AT byoungkookim applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures AT sanghoonnoh applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures AT jongbaejeon applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures AT changwoolee applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures AT byungjunkim applicationofsurfacecrackingprocesstoimproveimpacttoughnessofhighstrengthbccsteelatlowtemperatures |