Heterogeneity of Intermediate Care Organization Within a Single Healthcare System

Intermediate care (IC) is prevalent nationwide, but little is known about how to best organize this level of care. Using a 99-item cross-sectional survey assessing four domains (hospital and physical IC features, provider and nurse staffing, monitoring, and interventions/services), we describe the o...

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Main Authors: Aaron S. Case, MD, MHS, Chad H. Hochberg, MD, MHS, Binu Koirala, PhD, MGS, BSN, RN, Eleni Flanagan, DNP, MBA, Souvik Chatterjee, MD, William N. Checkley, MD, PhD, Ayse P. Gurses, PhD, MS, MPH, David N. Hager, MD, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer 2025-01-01
Series:Critical Care Explorations
Online Access:http://journals.lww.com/10.1097/CCE.0000000000001201
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Summary:Intermediate care (IC) is prevalent nationwide, but little is known about how to best organize this level of care. Using a 99-item cross-sectional survey assessing four domains (hospital and physical IC features, provider and nurse staffing, monitoring, and interventions/services), we describe the organizational heterogeneity of IC within a five-hospital healthcare system. Surveys were completed by nurse managers from 12 (86%) of 14 IC settings. Six IC settings (50%) were embedded within acute care wards, four (33%) were stand-alone units, and two (17%) were embedded within an ICU. All had a nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:3, provided continuous cardiac telemetry, continuous pulse oximetry, high-flow nasal oxygen, and bedside intermittent hemodialysis. Most (> 50%) permitted arterial lines, frequent nursing assessments (every 2 hr), and noninvasive ventilation or mechanical ventilation via a tracheostomy. Vasopressors were less often permitted (< 25% of settings). Models of IC vary greatly within a single healthcare system.
ISSN:2639-8028