CAF-derived exosomes drive the FGF4/SHH feedback loop by encapsulating GREM1 in non-small cell lung cancer

CAF-derived exosomes drive the FGF4/SHH feedback loop by encapsulating GREM1 in non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract Background One of the hallmarks of a pre-metastatic niche (PMN) is the infiltration of immunosuppressive macrophages, while the mechanism remains largely uncharted. Here, we reveal that cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived exosomes (CAF-exo) polarize macrophages towards an immunosuppressiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xianqiao Wu, Wei Chen, Tianzheng Fang, Ziyuan Chen, Shuai Fang, Chengwei Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Molecular Medicine
Subjects:
Non-small cell lung cancer
Pre-metastatic niche
Cancer-associated fibroblast
Macrophage polarization
GREM1
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01340-0
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