Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye
Abstract Since its resurrection, the resinicolous discomycete genus Sarea has been accepted as containing two species, one with black apothecia and pycnidia, and one with orange. We investigate this hypothesis using three ribosomal (nuITS, nuLSU, mtSSU) regions from and morphological examination of...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-03-01
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| Series: | IMA Fungus |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-021-00056-0 |
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| author | James K. Mitchell Isaac Garrido-Benavent Luis Quijada Donald H. Pfister |
| author_facet | James K. Mitchell Isaac Garrido-Benavent Luis Quijada Donald H. Pfister |
| author_sort | James K. Mitchell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Since its resurrection, the resinicolous discomycete genus Sarea has been accepted as containing two species, one with black apothecia and pycnidia, and one with orange. We investigate this hypothesis using three ribosomal (nuITS, nuLSU, mtSSU) regions from and morphological examination of 70 specimens collected primarily in Europe and North America. The results of our analyses support separation of the traditional Sarea difformis s.lat. and Sarea resinae s.lat. into two distinct genera, Sarea and Zythia. Sarea as circumscribed is shown to conservatively comprise three phylospecies, with one corresponding to Sarea difformis s.str. and two, morphologically indistinguishable, corresponding to the newly combined Sarea coeloplata. Zythia is provisionally maintained as monotypic, containing only a genetically and morphologically variable Z. resinae. The new genus Atrozythia is erected for the new species A. klamathica. Arthrographis lignicola is placed in this genus on molecular grounds, expanding the concept of Sareomycetes by inclusion of a previously unknown type of asexual morph. Dating analyses using additional marker regions indicate the emergence of the Sareomycetes was roughly concurrent with the diversification of the genus Pinus, suggesting that this group of fungi emerged to exploit the newly-available resinous ecological niche supplied by Pinus or another, extinct group of conifers. Our phylogeographic studies also permitted us to study the introductions of these fungi to areas where they are not native, including Antarctica, Cape Verde, and New Zealand and are consistent with historical hypotheses of introduction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-58396587d5b343de9b09c55ff82914df |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2210-6359 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IMA Fungus |
| spelling | doaj-art-58396587d5b343de9b09c55ff82914df2025-02-02T19:19:59ZengBMCIMA Fungus2210-63592021-03-0112113610.1186/s43008-021-00056-0Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eyeJames K. Mitchell0Isaac Garrido-Benavent1Luis Quijada2Donald H. Pfister3Farlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard UniversityInstitut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva (ICBIBE) & Dept. Botànica i Geologia, Universitat de ValènciaFarlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard UniversityFarlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard UniversityAbstract Since its resurrection, the resinicolous discomycete genus Sarea has been accepted as containing two species, one with black apothecia and pycnidia, and one with orange. We investigate this hypothesis using three ribosomal (nuITS, nuLSU, mtSSU) regions from and morphological examination of 70 specimens collected primarily in Europe and North America. The results of our analyses support separation of the traditional Sarea difformis s.lat. and Sarea resinae s.lat. into two distinct genera, Sarea and Zythia. Sarea as circumscribed is shown to conservatively comprise three phylospecies, with one corresponding to Sarea difformis s.str. and two, morphologically indistinguishable, corresponding to the newly combined Sarea coeloplata. Zythia is provisionally maintained as monotypic, containing only a genetically and morphologically variable Z. resinae. The new genus Atrozythia is erected for the new species A. klamathica. Arthrographis lignicola is placed in this genus on molecular grounds, expanding the concept of Sareomycetes by inclusion of a previously unknown type of asexual morph. Dating analyses using additional marker regions indicate the emergence of the Sareomycetes was roughly concurrent with the diversification of the genus Pinus, suggesting that this group of fungi emerged to exploit the newly-available resinous ecological niche supplied by Pinus or another, extinct group of conifers. Our phylogeographic studies also permitted us to study the introductions of these fungi to areas where they are not native, including Antarctica, Cape Verde, and New Zealand and are consistent with historical hypotheses of introduction.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-021-00056-0AtrozythiaCryptic diversityIntegrative taxonomyResinicolous fungiSareaZythia |
| spellingShingle | James K. Mitchell Isaac Garrido-Benavent Luis Quijada Donald H. Pfister Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye IMA Fungus Atrozythia Cryptic diversity Integrative taxonomy Resinicolous fungi Sarea Zythia |
| title | Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye |
| title_full | Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye |
| title_fullStr | Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye |
| title_short | Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye |
| title_sort | sareomycetes more diverse than meets the eye |
| topic | Atrozythia Cryptic diversity Integrative taxonomy Resinicolous fungi Sarea Zythia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-021-00056-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jameskmitchell sareomycetesmorediversethanmeetstheeye AT isaacgarridobenavent sareomycetesmorediversethanmeetstheeye AT luisquijada sareomycetesmorediversethanmeetstheeye AT donaldhpfister sareomycetesmorediversethanmeetstheeye |