Do financial development and institutional quality impede or stimulate the shadow economy? A comparative analysis of developed and developing countries

Abstract Financial development (FD) and institutional quality (IQ) shape the invisible informal economies. This study conducts an empirical analysis of how financial development (FD) and institutional quality (IQ) impact the hidden shadow economy, with a particular focus on the differences between d...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Waqar Ameer, Kazi Sohag, Qilin Zhan, Syed Hasanat Shah, Zhang Yongjia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2025-01-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-04347-w
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