Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand
Bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that is caused by apicomplexan protozoan parasite in the genus of Babesia. Babesia infections affect cattle health, reduce milk and meat production and lead to economic losses in tropical and subtropical countries. Babesia parasites are difficult to diagnose...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Parasite Epidemiology and Control |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000679 |
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| author | Nutsuda Klinkaew Pairpailin Jhaiaun Giang Thi Nguyen Ruttayaporn Ngasaman Domechai Keawnoi Niorn Rattanapob Pipat Arunvipas Meyanee Kanjanaphan Nuttapon Manojai Suwitcha Panchakhan Julaluk Jaiboon Piyavadee Numnual Prattana Tong-in Thongphanchang Khanthong Paween Srirarai Chutima Chantarakot Pattarakitti Noenchat Jaroonwit Napornram Somtat Yangsuk Tanakrit Cham-iam Phuncharat Nilsuwan Supicha Jindarut Kanokrat Boonyok Nipa Thammasonthijarern Wissanuwat Chimnoi Tawin Inpankaew Burin Nimsuphan Jumnongjit Phasuk Ketsarin Kamyingkird |
| author_facet | Nutsuda Klinkaew Pairpailin Jhaiaun Giang Thi Nguyen Ruttayaporn Ngasaman Domechai Keawnoi Niorn Rattanapob Pipat Arunvipas Meyanee Kanjanaphan Nuttapon Manojai Suwitcha Panchakhan Julaluk Jaiboon Piyavadee Numnual Prattana Tong-in Thongphanchang Khanthong Paween Srirarai Chutima Chantarakot Pattarakitti Noenchat Jaroonwit Napornram Somtat Yangsuk Tanakrit Cham-iam Phuncharat Nilsuwan Supicha Jindarut Kanokrat Boonyok Nipa Thammasonthijarern Wissanuwat Chimnoi Tawin Inpankaew Burin Nimsuphan Jumnongjit Phasuk Ketsarin Kamyingkird |
| author_sort | Nutsuda Klinkaew |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that is caused by apicomplexan protozoan parasite in the genus of Babesia. Babesia infections affect cattle health, reduce milk and meat production and lead to economic losses in tropical and subtropical countries. Babesia parasites are difficult to diagnose in the early stage of infections during low parasitemia and asymptomatic conditions led to the lack of treatment and control at the early stage of infection. This study aimed to integrate a molecular tool for the detection and genetic characterization of Babesia (B.) bovis and B. bigemina in small-scale livestock farming in Thailand, and to study the risk factors association with Babesia infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand. This study was conducted in four regions of Thailand between June 2023 and January 2024. Dairy and beef cattle blood samples were collected, genomic DNA were extracted and nested PCRs were performed. Data associated with Babesia infections were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and interview. Nested PCR targeting B. bovis spherical binding protein 4 (SBP4) and B. bigemina rhoptries associating protein 1a (Rap1a) genes were performed and direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. Risk factors association with Babesia infections were analyzed. PCR results, chemotherapeutic treatment options, and vector control suggestions were also reported to local veterinarians and farmers within 14 days. A total of 964 livestock blood samples were collected from 126 small scale farms in four regions of Thailand. B. bovis infection was predominant in buffalo (31.25 %), followed by dairy cattle (11.44 %) and beef cattle (7.47 %). B. bigemina infection was predominant in goats (53.33 %), followed by beef cattle (25.33 %) and dairy cattle (8.88 %). Mixed infection was also detected in beef and dairy cattle at 2.09 % and 1.58 %, respectively. Molecular characterization of B. bovis SBP4 and B. bigemina RAP1a sequences showed that B. bigemina and B. bovis Thai isolates were closely related among geographical areas and shared genetic similarity among different hosts but were genetically distinct from B. bigemina and B. bovis from other countries. Risk factor analysis identified five factors associated with B. bovis infection and one factor associated with B. bigemina infection in small-scale livestock farming in Thailand. All the farmers were very satisfied with the integrative approach. This study implemented sensitive and specific nested PCR methods for the detection of Babesia in livestock. Applying an integrative approach by providing a sensitive diagnostic tool for identification of the infected animals and providing proper treatment and control measures to local farmers help combating babesiosis in small scale livestock farms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-52c6860ad48b4e25bf7ad2e21c2e798b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-6731 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasite Epidemiology and Control |
| spelling | doaj-art-52c6860ad48b4e25bf7ad2e21c2e798b2025-02-06T05:12:29ZengElsevierParasite Epidemiology and Control2405-67312025-02-0128e00403Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in ThailandNutsuda Klinkaew0Pairpailin Jhaiaun1Giang Thi Nguyen2Ruttayaporn Ngasaman3Domechai Keawnoi4Niorn Rattanapob5Pipat Arunvipas6Meyanee Kanjanaphan7Nuttapon Manojai8Suwitcha Panchakhan9Julaluk Jaiboon10Piyavadee Numnual11Prattana Tong-in12Thongphanchang Khanthong13Paween Srirarai14Chutima Chantarakot15Pattarakitti Noenchat16Jaroonwit Napornram17Somtat Yangsuk18Tanakrit Cham-iam19Phuncharat Nilsuwan20Supicha Jindarut21Kanokrat Boonyok22Nipa Thammasonthijarern23Wissanuwat Chimnoi24Tawin Inpankaew25Burin Nimsuphan26Jumnongjit Phasuk27Ketsarin Kamyingkird28Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandFaculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, ThailandFaculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, ThailandDepartment of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, ThailandDepartment of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, ThailandKasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, ThailandLampang, Provincial Livestock Office Mueang, Lampang 52100, ThailandChiangrai Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Chiangrai 57000, ThailandPhrae Provincial Livestock Office, Mueang Phrae District, Phrae 54000, ThailandPhrae Provincial Livestock Office, Mueang Phrae District, Phrae 54000, ThailandSrisaket Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Srisaket 33000, ThailandUbon Ratchatani Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Ubon Ratchatani, 34000, ThailandSakon Nakhon Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Sakon Nakhon 47000, ThailandSakon Nakhon Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Sakon Nakhon 47000, ThailandSakon Nakhon Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Sakon Nakhon 47000, ThailandSurin Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Surin 32180, ThailandSurin Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Surin 32180, ThailandNong Khai Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Nong Khai 43000, ThailandRegion 9 Livestock Office, Muang, Songkhla 90000, ThailandSongkhla Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Songkhla 90000, ThailandPattalung, Provincial Livestock Office, Muang, Pattalung 93000, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Lad Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Corresponding author.Bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that is caused by apicomplexan protozoan parasite in the genus of Babesia. Babesia infections affect cattle health, reduce milk and meat production and lead to economic losses in tropical and subtropical countries. Babesia parasites are difficult to diagnose in the early stage of infections during low parasitemia and asymptomatic conditions led to the lack of treatment and control at the early stage of infection. This study aimed to integrate a molecular tool for the detection and genetic characterization of Babesia (B.) bovis and B. bigemina in small-scale livestock farming in Thailand, and to study the risk factors association with Babesia infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand. This study was conducted in four regions of Thailand between June 2023 and January 2024. Dairy and beef cattle blood samples were collected, genomic DNA were extracted and nested PCRs were performed. Data associated with Babesia infections were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and interview. Nested PCR targeting B. bovis spherical binding protein 4 (SBP4) and B. bigemina rhoptries associating protein 1a (Rap1a) genes were performed and direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. Risk factors association with Babesia infections were analyzed. PCR results, chemotherapeutic treatment options, and vector control suggestions were also reported to local veterinarians and farmers within 14 days. A total of 964 livestock blood samples were collected from 126 small scale farms in four regions of Thailand. B. bovis infection was predominant in buffalo (31.25 %), followed by dairy cattle (11.44 %) and beef cattle (7.47 %). B. bigemina infection was predominant in goats (53.33 %), followed by beef cattle (25.33 %) and dairy cattle (8.88 %). Mixed infection was also detected in beef and dairy cattle at 2.09 % and 1.58 %, respectively. Molecular characterization of B. bovis SBP4 and B. bigemina RAP1a sequences showed that B. bigemina and B. bovis Thai isolates were closely related among geographical areas and shared genetic similarity among different hosts but were genetically distinct from B. bigemina and B. bovis from other countries. Risk factor analysis identified five factors associated with B. bovis infection and one factor associated with B. bigemina infection in small-scale livestock farming in Thailand. All the farmers were very satisfied with the integrative approach. This study implemented sensitive and specific nested PCR methods for the detection of Babesia in livestock. Applying an integrative approach by providing a sensitive diagnostic tool for identification of the infected animals and providing proper treatment and control measures to local farmers help combating babesiosis in small scale livestock farms.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000679Animal babesiosisBabesia bovisBabesia bigeminaPCR diagnostic servicePhylogenetic analysisSmall-scale farms |
| spellingShingle | Nutsuda Klinkaew Pairpailin Jhaiaun Giang Thi Nguyen Ruttayaporn Ngasaman Domechai Keawnoi Niorn Rattanapob Pipat Arunvipas Meyanee Kanjanaphan Nuttapon Manojai Suwitcha Panchakhan Julaluk Jaiboon Piyavadee Numnual Prattana Tong-in Thongphanchang Khanthong Paween Srirarai Chutima Chantarakot Pattarakitti Noenchat Jaroonwit Napornram Somtat Yangsuk Tanakrit Cham-iam Phuncharat Nilsuwan Supicha Jindarut Kanokrat Boonyok Nipa Thammasonthijarern Wissanuwat Chimnoi Tawin Inpankaew Burin Nimsuphan Jumnongjit Phasuk Ketsarin Kamyingkird Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand Parasite Epidemiology and Control Animal babesiosis Babesia bovis Babesia bigemina PCR diagnostic service Phylogenetic analysis Small-scale farms |
| title | Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand |
| title_full | Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand |
| title_short | Application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in Thailand |
| title_sort | application of molecular approach in combination with providing treatment and control measures for combating babesia bovis and babesia bigemina infections in small scale livestock farms in thailand |
| topic | Animal babesiosis Babesia bovis Babesia bigemina PCR diagnostic service Phylogenetic analysis Small-scale farms |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000679 |
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