Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults
Background: A healthy diet has been proposed to support good mental health, but the addition of either red meat or meat alternatives is nuanced. Objectives: We aimed to determine if psychological and physiological well-being is differentially affected by consuming recommended weekly amounts of eithe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Current Developments in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124024417 |
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| author | Tamlin S Conner Nicola A Gillies Anna Worthington Emma N Bermingham Jillian J Haszard Scott O Knowles Daniel R Bernstein David Cameron-Smith Andrea J Braakhuis |
| author_facet | Tamlin S Conner Nicola A Gillies Anna Worthington Emma N Bermingham Jillian J Haszard Scott O Knowles Daniel R Bernstein David Cameron-Smith Andrea J Braakhuis |
| author_sort | Tamlin S Conner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: A healthy diet has been proposed to support good mental health, but the addition of either red meat or meat alternatives is nuanced. Objectives: We aimed to determine if psychological and physiological well-being is differentially affected by consuming recommended weekly amounts of either lean red meat or plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) supplemented with a plant-rich diet. Methods: The trial was a parallel 2-arm randomized intervention of 10 wk duration. Eighty healthy omnivorous young adults were clustered as 40 cohabitating household pairs. Each pair was randomly assigned to consume 3 weekly servings of either fresh New Zealand beef and lamb or the equivalent PBMA. They maintained an otherwise ovo-lacto vegetarian diet, aided by a weekly meal kit and supported by engaged advice from research dietitians. Psychological measures were well-being (World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Index); depression, anxiety, and stress (depression anxiety stress scales-short form-21); and fatigue (multidimensional fatigue symptom inventory-short form) assessed weekly throughout the trial. Blood biomarkers included neurotransmitter-related compounds, iron status and vitamins B12 and D. Physical activity and sleep were estimated by a fitness wristband. Mixed effect modeling evaluated changes in each outcome over time relative to its baseline and compared the 2 interventions accounting for randomization unit clustering. Results: Thirty-nine household pairs completed the trial. Participants measured as psychologically healthy at baseline. There were no significant differences between groups in the degree of change from baseline for the psychological outcomes, nor for the majority of the circulatory markers. Differences in changes to vitamin B12 status and 3 neurotransmitter-related compounds (adenosine, agmatine, and tyrosine) from baseline to week 10 were observed between groups. Results were similar in all sensitivity analyses when adjusting for physical activity, sleep, and diet quality covariates. Conclusions: There was no effect on the psychological measures and limited change to physiological status when comparing a balanced diet containing either red meat or PBMAs in healthy young adults. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-528f51924a9748148891d5121c8162f4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2475-2991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Developments in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-528f51924a9748148891d5121c8162f42025-01-23T05:27:29ZengElsevierCurrent Developments in Nutrition2475-29912025-01-0191104507Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young AdultsTamlin S Conner0Nicola A Gillies1Anna Worthington2Emma N Bermingham3Jillian J Haszard4Scott O Knowles5Daniel R Bernstein6David Cameron-Smith7Andrea J Braakhuis8Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New ZealandDiscipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandDiscipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandFonterra Co-operative, Fonterra Research and Development Center, Palmerston North, New ZealandHaszard Biostatistics, Auckland, New ZealandAgResearch Ltd, Smart Foods and Bioproducts Group, Palmerston North, New ZealandAgResearch Ltd, Smart Foods and Bioproducts Group, Palmerston North, New ZealandClinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, SingaporeDiscipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Corresponding author.Background: A healthy diet has been proposed to support good mental health, but the addition of either red meat or meat alternatives is nuanced. Objectives: We aimed to determine if psychological and physiological well-being is differentially affected by consuming recommended weekly amounts of either lean red meat or plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) supplemented with a plant-rich diet. Methods: The trial was a parallel 2-arm randomized intervention of 10 wk duration. Eighty healthy omnivorous young adults were clustered as 40 cohabitating household pairs. Each pair was randomly assigned to consume 3 weekly servings of either fresh New Zealand beef and lamb or the equivalent PBMA. They maintained an otherwise ovo-lacto vegetarian diet, aided by a weekly meal kit and supported by engaged advice from research dietitians. Psychological measures were well-being (World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Index); depression, anxiety, and stress (depression anxiety stress scales-short form-21); and fatigue (multidimensional fatigue symptom inventory-short form) assessed weekly throughout the trial. Blood biomarkers included neurotransmitter-related compounds, iron status and vitamins B12 and D. Physical activity and sleep were estimated by a fitness wristband. Mixed effect modeling evaluated changes in each outcome over time relative to its baseline and compared the 2 interventions accounting for randomization unit clustering. Results: Thirty-nine household pairs completed the trial. Participants measured as psychologically healthy at baseline. There were no significant differences between groups in the degree of change from baseline for the psychological outcomes, nor for the majority of the circulatory markers. Differences in changes to vitamin B12 status and 3 neurotransmitter-related compounds (adenosine, agmatine, and tyrosine) from baseline to week 10 were observed between groups. Results were similar in all sensitivity analyses when adjusting for physical activity, sleep, and diet quality covariates. Conclusions: There was no effect on the psychological measures and limited change to physiological status when comparing a balanced diet containing either red meat or PBMAs in healthy young adults.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124024417dietary interventioneating behaviorsflexitarianvegetarianbehavior changemood |
| spellingShingle | Tamlin S Conner Nicola A Gillies Anna Worthington Emma N Bermingham Jillian J Haszard Scott O Knowles Daniel R Bernstein David Cameron-Smith Andrea J Braakhuis Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults Current Developments in Nutrition dietary intervention eating behaviors flexitarian vegetarian behavior change mood |
| title | Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults |
| title_full | Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults |
| title_short | Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults |
| title_sort | effect of moderate red meat intake compared with plant based meat alternative on psychological well being a 10 wk cluster randomized intervention in healthy young adults |
| topic | dietary intervention eating behaviors flexitarian vegetarian behavior change mood |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124024417 |
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