Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children
Introduction Inhibitory control describes the ability to resist distractions and to suppress dominant responses to achieve a specific goal (Miyake & Friedman, 2012). Higher inhibitory control is associated with an increased on-task behaviour in the classroom (Ludyga et al., 2022). Meta-analytic...
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Bern Open Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Current Issues in Sport Science |
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| Online Access: | https://ciss-journal.org/article/view/12000 |
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| author | Melanie Berger Markus Gerber Sebastian Ludyga |
| author_facet | Melanie Berger Markus Gerber Sebastian Ludyga |
| author_sort | Melanie Berger |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction Inhibitory control describes the ability to resist distractions and to suppress dominant responses to achieve a specific goal (Miyake & Friedman, 2012). Higher inhibitory control is associated with an increased on-task behaviour in the classroom (Ludyga et al., 2022). Meta-analytical findings suggest that single exercise sessions can elicit transient enhancements in this aspect of executive function (Oberste et al., 2019). Experiencing supportive social interactions and cooperation also appear to positively influence inhibitory control (Koomen et al., 2020; Pilcher & Bryant, 2016). As exercise can be adapted to demand and stimulate cooperation, it has much potential to positively influence inhibitory control. We examined the effect of acute exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children.
Methods We examined a subsample of the NEXOS2 RCT. 100 children (11 ± 0.7 years) were allocated (stratum: school class) to a group performing exercise demanding cooperation (EX+CO, n = 29), a group performing exercise without cooperation (EX, n = 35), and a control group watching a video (CON, n = 36). The interventions were conducted in the school setting and lasted 20 minutes. Prior to and after these conditions, a modified computer-based Flanker task was administered to assess inhibitory control and associated congruency-sequence effects.
Results The repeated measures MANOVA revealed a significant interaction between time, group and trial type (congruent / incongruent) on performance and trial-sequence effects on the Flanker task. Decomposition of the interaction showed that in contrast to CON and EX, EX+CO showed a greater increase of accuracy on incongruent relative to congruent trials. This was accompanied by a greater decrease of reaction time on incongruent trials that followed the same compared to a different trial type.
Discussion/Conclusion A single exercise session with cooperative activities increases accuracy on trials demanding inhibitory control and promote efficiency by increased repetition response priming.
References
Koomen, R., Grueneisen, S., & Herrmann, E. (2020). Children delay gratification for cooperative ends. Psychological Science, 31(2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619894205
Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Brand, S., Möhring, W., & Pühse, U. (2022). Do different cognitive domains mediate the association between moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and adolescents’ off‐task behaviour in the classroom? British Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(1), e12445. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12445
Miyake, A., & Friedman, N. P. (2012). The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: Four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(1), 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411429458
Oberste, M., Javelle, F., Sharma, S., Joisten, N., Walzik, D., Bloch, W., & Zimmer, P. (2019). Effects and moderators of acute aerobic exercise on subsequent interference control: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2616. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02616
Pilcher, J. J., & Bryant, S. A. (2016). Implications of social support as a self-control resource. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00228
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-50e8cfdcc88e4507a6e5be8362fd6bf2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2414-6641 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Bern Open Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Issues in Sport Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-50e8cfdcc88e4507a6e5be8362fd6bf22025-02-04T03:15:15ZengBern Open PublishingCurrent Issues in Sport Science2414-66412025-01-0110210.36950/2025.2ciss027Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school childrenMelanie Berger0Markus Gerber1Sebastian Ludyga2Universität Basel, SwitzerlandUniversität Basel, SwitzerlandUniversität Basel, Switzerland Introduction Inhibitory control describes the ability to resist distractions and to suppress dominant responses to achieve a specific goal (Miyake & Friedman, 2012). Higher inhibitory control is associated with an increased on-task behaviour in the classroom (Ludyga et al., 2022). Meta-analytical findings suggest that single exercise sessions can elicit transient enhancements in this aspect of executive function (Oberste et al., 2019). Experiencing supportive social interactions and cooperation also appear to positively influence inhibitory control (Koomen et al., 2020; Pilcher & Bryant, 2016). As exercise can be adapted to demand and stimulate cooperation, it has much potential to positively influence inhibitory control. We examined the effect of acute exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children. Methods We examined a subsample of the NEXOS2 RCT. 100 children (11 ± 0.7 years) were allocated (stratum: school class) to a group performing exercise demanding cooperation (EX+CO, n = 29), a group performing exercise without cooperation (EX, n = 35), and a control group watching a video (CON, n = 36). The interventions were conducted in the school setting and lasted 20 minutes. Prior to and after these conditions, a modified computer-based Flanker task was administered to assess inhibitory control and associated congruency-sequence effects. Results The repeated measures MANOVA revealed a significant interaction between time, group and trial type (congruent / incongruent) on performance and trial-sequence effects on the Flanker task. Decomposition of the interaction showed that in contrast to CON and EX, EX+CO showed a greater increase of accuracy on incongruent relative to congruent trials. This was accompanied by a greater decrease of reaction time on incongruent trials that followed the same compared to a different trial type. Discussion/Conclusion A single exercise session with cooperative activities increases accuracy on trials demanding inhibitory control and promote efficiency by increased repetition response priming. References Koomen, R., Grueneisen, S., & Herrmann, E. (2020). Children delay gratification for cooperative ends. Psychological Science, 31(2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619894205 Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Brand, S., Möhring, W., & Pühse, U. (2022). Do different cognitive domains mediate the association between moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and adolescents’ off‐task behaviour in the classroom? British Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(1), e12445. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12445 Miyake, A., & Friedman, N. P. (2012). The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: Four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(1), 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411429458 Oberste, M., Javelle, F., Sharma, S., Joisten, N., Walzik, D., Bloch, W., & Zimmer, P. (2019). Effects and moderators of acute aerobic exercise on subsequent interference control: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2616. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02616 Pilcher, J. J., & Bryant, S. A. (2016). Implications of social support as a self-control resource. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00228 https://ciss-journal.org/article/view/12000inhibitory controlexercisecooperationschool |
| spellingShingle | Melanie Berger Markus Gerber Sebastian Ludyga Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children Current Issues in Sport Science inhibitory control exercise cooperation school |
| title | Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children |
| title_full | Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children |
| title_fullStr | Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children |
| title_short | Acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children |
| title_sort | acute effect of exercise with or without the integration of cooperative activities on inhibitory control in preadolescent school children |
| topic | inhibitory control exercise cooperation school |
| url | https://ciss-journal.org/article/view/12000 |
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