Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark
Objective To study the association between behavioural factors and incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design Case–control web-based questionnaire study.Setting Questionnaire data were collected in the Capital Region of Denmark in December 2020 when limited restrictions were in place, while the...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/6/e056393.full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832589836570066944 |
|---|---|
| author | Mikkel Porsborg Andersen Christian Torp-Pedersen Helle Collatz Christensen Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Thomas Alexander Gerds Amalie Lykkemark Moeller Birgitte Lindegaard Mille Dybdal Cajar Florence Chia Chin Tan Mogens Karsboel Boisen Sebastian Moretto Krog Rúna Nolsoee Peter Lommer Kristensen Thomas Broe Christensen Maria Elisabeth Lendorf |
| author_facet | Mikkel Porsborg Andersen Christian Torp-Pedersen Helle Collatz Christensen Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Thomas Alexander Gerds Amalie Lykkemark Moeller Birgitte Lindegaard Mille Dybdal Cajar Florence Chia Chin Tan Mogens Karsboel Boisen Sebastian Moretto Krog Rúna Nolsoee Peter Lommer Kristensen Thomas Broe Christensen Maria Elisabeth Lendorf |
| author_sort | Mikkel Porsborg Andersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective To study the association between behavioural factors and incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design Case–control web-based questionnaire study.Setting Questionnaire data were collected in the Capital Region of Denmark in December 2020 when limited restrictions were in place, while the number of daily SARS-CoV-2 cases increased rapidly.Participants 8913 cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with two groups of controls: (1) 34 063 individuals with a negative SARS-CoV-2 test from the same date (negative controls, NCs) and 2) 25 989 individuals who had never been tested for a SARS-CoV-2 infection (untested controls, UC). Controls were matched on sex, age, test date and municipality.Exposure Activities during the 14 days prior to being tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 or during the same period for matched controls and precautions taken during the entire pandemic.Main outcomes and measures SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence rate ratios (IRR).Results Response rate was 41.4% (n=93 121). Using public transportation, grocery shopping (IRR: NC: 0.52; UC: 0.63) and outdoor sports activities (NC: 0.75; UC: 0.96) were not associated with increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most precautions, for example, using hand sanitizer (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.98), physical distancing (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.82) and avoiding handshakes (NC: 0.74; UC: 0.77), were associated with a lower rate of infection. Activities associated with many close contacts, especially indoors, increased rate of infection. Except for working from home, all types of occupation were linked to increased rate of infection.Conclusions In a community setting with moderate restrictions, activities such as using public transportation and grocery shopping with the relevant precautions were not associated with an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exposures and activities where safety measures are difficult to maintain might be important risk factors for infection. These findings may help public health authorities tailor their strategies for limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4e480064c20242769291b01a042f3373 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-4e480064c20242769291b01a042f33732025-01-24T07:25:13ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552022-06-0112610.1136/bmjopen-2021-056393Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of DenmarkMikkel Porsborg Andersen0Christian Torp-Pedersen1Helle Collatz Christensen2Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard3Thomas Alexander Gerds4Amalie Lykkemark Moeller5Birgitte Lindegaard6Mille Dybdal Cajar7Florence Chia Chin Tan8Mogens Karsboel Boisen9Sebastian Moretto Krog10Rúna Nolsoee11Peter Lommer Kristensen12Thomas Broe Christensen13Maria Elisabeth Lendorf14Department of Cardiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark6 Department of Cardiology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark3 Danish Clinical Quality Program (RKKP) National Clinical Registries, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, DenmarkEndocrine Section, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, DenmarkDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark1 Department of Clinical Investigation, Norsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Capital Region, DenmarkCentre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordsjællands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerod, DenmarkDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordsjællands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerod, DenmarkDepartment of Oncology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, DenmarkDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerod, DenmarkDepartment of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerod, DenmarkDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordsjællands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerod, DenmarkDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordsjællands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerod, DenmarkObjective To study the association between behavioural factors and incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design Case–control web-based questionnaire study.Setting Questionnaire data were collected in the Capital Region of Denmark in December 2020 when limited restrictions were in place, while the number of daily SARS-CoV-2 cases increased rapidly.Participants 8913 cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with two groups of controls: (1) 34 063 individuals with a negative SARS-CoV-2 test from the same date (negative controls, NCs) and 2) 25 989 individuals who had never been tested for a SARS-CoV-2 infection (untested controls, UC). Controls were matched on sex, age, test date and municipality.Exposure Activities during the 14 days prior to being tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 or during the same period for matched controls and precautions taken during the entire pandemic.Main outcomes and measures SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence rate ratios (IRR).Results Response rate was 41.4% (n=93 121). Using public transportation, grocery shopping (IRR: NC: 0.52; UC: 0.63) and outdoor sports activities (NC: 0.75; UC: 0.96) were not associated with increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most precautions, for example, using hand sanitizer (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.98), physical distancing (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.82) and avoiding handshakes (NC: 0.74; UC: 0.77), were associated with a lower rate of infection. Activities associated with many close contacts, especially indoors, increased rate of infection. Except for working from home, all types of occupation were linked to increased rate of infection.Conclusions In a community setting with moderate restrictions, activities such as using public transportation and grocery shopping with the relevant precautions were not associated with an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exposures and activities where safety measures are difficult to maintain might be important risk factors for infection. These findings may help public health authorities tailor their strategies for limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/6/e056393.full |
| spellingShingle | Mikkel Porsborg Andersen Christian Torp-Pedersen Helle Collatz Christensen Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Thomas Alexander Gerds Amalie Lykkemark Moeller Birgitte Lindegaard Mille Dybdal Cajar Florence Chia Chin Tan Mogens Karsboel Boisen Sebastian Moretto Krog Rúna Nolsoee Peter Lommer Kristensen Thomas Broe Christensen Maria Elisabeth Lendorf Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark BMJ Open |
| title | Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark |
| title_full | Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark |
| title_fullStr | Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark |
| title_full_unstemmed | Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark |
| title_short | Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results from a web-based case-control survey in the Capital Region of Denmark |
| title_sort | behavioral factors associated with sars cov 2 infection results from a web based case control survey in the capital region of denmark |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/6/e056393.full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mikkelporsborgandersen behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT christiantorppedersen behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT hellecollatzchristensen behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT ulrikpedersenbjergaard behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT thomasalexandergerds behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT amalielykkemarkmoeller behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT birgittelindegaard behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT milledybdalcajar behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT florencechiachintan behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT mogenskarsboelboisen behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT sebastianmorettokrog behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT runanolsoee behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT peterlommerkristensen behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT thomasbroechristensen behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark AT mariaelisabethlendorf behavioralfactorsassociatedwithsarscov2infectionresultsfromawebbasedcasecontrolsurveyinthecapitalregionofdenmark |